Effect of Electrical Load on Contact Welding Failure of Silver Tin Oxide Material Used in DC Electromechanical Relays

Xu, Zili; Ren, Wanbin; Zheng, Zhe; Wang, Shujuan

doi:10.1109/access.2019.2940966

Cited by 24 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…As the core component of the low-voltage switch, the electrical contact plays the role of opening and closing electric circuits, and electrical contact materials affect the reliability and service life [ 1 , 2 ]. Therefore, it is of great significance to study electrical contact materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Simulation and Experiment of Cu, C-Doped Ag/Ni Contact Materials

et al. 2022

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Ag/Ni contact material with greenery and good performance is a cadmium-free silver-based contact material that has been vigorously developed in recent years. However, Ag/Ni contact material has poor welding resistance. Based on the first principles of density functional theory, the interface model of Cu, C-doped Ag/Ni was established. The work of separation and interfacial energy of interface models showed that doping can improve the interfacial bonding strength and interfacial stability, with C-doped Ag/Ni having the strongest stability and interfacial bonding strength. It can be seen from the population and density of state that covalent bonds exist between Ag and Ni atoms of the Ag/Ni phase interface at the electronic structure level. Finally, the doped Ag/Ni contact material was prepared by the powder metallurgy method. Through the arc energy and welding force in the electrical contact experiment, it was obtained that the welding resistance of C-doped Ag/Ni was better than Cu-doped Ag/Ni contact material, which verified the correctness of the simulation results. Overall, the present study provides a theoretical method for the screening of doping elements to improve the performance of Ag/Ni contact material.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Simulation and Experiment of Cu, C-Doped Ag/Ni Contact Materials

et al. 2022

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“…AgCdO contact material has the advantages of resistance to arc erosion and fusion welding, low contact resistance, stability, and the applied current ranges from tens to thousands, which was once called ''universal contact'' [1], [2]. In 2003, the European Union issued ''the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment'' (RoHS Directive) to ban the use of six hazardous substances, including Cd, in electrical equipment from July 2006.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on Simulation, Experiment and Evaluation Method of Different Ratio Gd Doped AgSnO₂ Contact Material

et al. 2020

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AgSnO 2 electrical contact material with greenery and good performance has the most potential to replace the toxic AgCdO. However, SnO 2 in AgSnO 2 contact material is a kind of semiconductor with wide band gap, which is almost insulated and has high hardness, resulting in the increase of contact resistance and temperature rise, and easy to form microcracks. First principle based on density functional theory are used to simulate three doping ratios (8.3%, 12.5%, 16.7%) of rare earth element Gd doped SnO 2. The simulation results show that when the doping ratio is 12.5%, electrical performance is the best. As the doping ratio increases, the smaller the hardness, the higher the probability of microcracks. To more objectively obtain the doping ratio with the best comprehensive performance, the comprehensive evaluation model of Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution with entropy weight is adopted to evaluate, and the performance with doping ratio of 12.5% is the best. Finally, it is verified by experiments. Different ratio of Gd doped SnO 2 powders are prepared by the sol-gel method, and the X-ray diffraction test proves that the sol-gel method can realize the substitution doped model established by simulation. The doped AgSnO 2 is prepared by powder metallurgy method, and its electrical performance and hardness are measured. The theory and experiment can be well matched, which proves the feasibility and credibility of simulation. It provides a new idea and scientific reference for the research on doping to improve the properties of AgSnO 2 contact material. INDEX TERMS AgSnO 2 contact material, doping, first principle, comprehensive evaluation method.

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“…The excessive welding force for switching electrode in such a state can lead to the electrodes failing to open and must therefore be addressed. Practically, the information of a weld is a complex function of the circuit, depending on factors like whether or not arcing occurs, the physical properties of the metal material, the microscopic surface roughness and the design of the structures in which the contacts operate [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and Experimental Verification of Material Welding Characteristics for Low Current Switching Devices

Ren

2020

Materials

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Material welding failure considerably influences the electrical lifetime and reliability of low current switching devices. However, relevant studies on methods for calculating the threshold welding current and welding area under milli-Newton scale load forces are very limited. In this paper, the welding characteristics of metal material, including the threshold welding current, welding area and welding force are studied by using theoretical calculations and experiments. The comparison between the theoretical calculation and experimental results shows the accuracy of the built model. Further, the effects of mechanical load force and load current on welding force and welding area of representative metal materials are investigated. It is found that the anti-welding ability of metal materials depends not only on the exerted load force and current, but also the electrical resistivity, the thermal conductivity, the tensile strength, and the melting temperature of the materials.

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Effect of Electrical Load on Contact Welding Failure of Silver Tin Oxide Material Used in DC Electromechanical Relays

Cited by 24 publications

References 23 publications

Study on Simulation and Experiment of Cu, C-Doped Ag/Ni Contact Materials

Study on Simulation and Experiment of Cu, C-Doped Ag/Ni Contact Materials

Research on Simulation, Experiment and Evaluation Method of Different Ratio Gd Doped AgSnO₂ Contact Material

Modeling and Experimental Verification of Material Welding Characteristics for Low Current Switching Devices

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