Effect of emulsifier type against the action of bile salts at oil–water interfaces

Effect of Gum Arabic, Gum Ghatti and Sugar Beet Pectin as Interfacial Layer on Lipid Digestibility in Oil-in-Water Emulsions

“…Sarkar et al revealed that the heat-induced microgel particle could achieve an increased coverage-fused network at the oil-water interface, which was more efficient in delaying the rate of lipid digestion compared to the intact whey protein microgel particles [11]. Thus, the nature and thickness of the interfacial layer surrounding the lipid droplets played an important role in determining the rate and extent of lipid hydrolysis [12][13][14].…”

“…The addition of bile salts to a phospholipid stabilized emulsion destroyed the packed phospholipid adsorption layer, allowing greater binding of the lipase to the oil-water interface [21]. The interafcial layer adsorbed with Pluronic F68 is more resistant to bile salts adsorption than that with phospholipids Epikuron 145 V [12]. The unadsorbed bile salts in aquenous phase could markedly enhance the rate and the extent of lipid digestion, due to considerable removal of lipolysis products (free fatty acids, mono-and/or di-acylglycerols) through mixed micelles formed with the unabsorbed bile salts [19].…”

Interfacial characterization of Pluronic PE9400 at biocompatible (air–water and limonene–water) interfaces

“…The surface properties of some pluronics have been studied in the literature by means of different techniques such as dynamic and equilibrium surface tension, ellipsometry, surface rheology and neutron reflectivity at the air-water and hexane-water interfaces [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. Some of these studies show the occurrence of conformational changes within the adsorbed layer of Pluronics at the interface when increasing the amount of adsorbed polymer, suggesting that the conformation of Pluronic molecules changes from a 2D flat conformation to a 3D brush/mushroom one at the interface [16,17,20].…”

“…Traditionally, scaling theories have been used to explain the conformation of the adsorbed polymer. Only recently, the equilibrium surface pressure isotherms have been fitted with thermodynamic theories which take into account this reorganization process [27,29,30]. Nevertheless, the morphology of pluronic interfacial layers remains to be fully understood, especially with respect to applications in emulsification processes.…”

“…The experimental results have been analyzed in the framework of a previously reported model originally developed for protein adsorption which has recently been used as a model for Pluronics adsorption at the hexane-water interface [28]. Hence, this work provides a systematic study showing a sequence of surface, dynamic, rheological and desorption [29,37] properties of Pluronics. The combination of measurements along with the theoretical fitting of the experimental curves provides a thorough characterization, complementing work in the literature on pluronics and enabling the interpretation of interfacial conformation at a molecular level.…”