Effect of endurance exercise training on heart rate variability at rest in healthy young and older men

Levy, Wayne C.; Cerqueira, Manuel D.; Harp, George D.; Johannessen, Karl-Arne; Abrass, Itamar B.; Schwartz, Robert S.; Stratton, John R.

doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(98)00611-0

Cited by 265 publications

(197 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…While some studies have reported increases in HRV (14,15), others have reported no change (13,16,17). The intensity, duration and frequency of aerobic training appear to be directly related to HRV modifications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Effects of age and physical activity on the autonomic control of heart rate in healthy men

Melo

Santos

Silva

et al. 2005

Braz J Med Biol Res

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The effects of the aging process and an active life-style on the autonomic control of heart rate (HR) were investigated in nine young sedentary (YS, 23 ± 2.4 years), 16 young active (YA, 22 ± 2.1 years), 8 older sedentary (OS, 63 ± 2.4 years) and 8 older active (OA, 61 ± 1.1 years) healthy men. Electrocardiogram was continuously recorded for 15 min at rest and for 4 min in the deep breathing test, with a breath rate of 5 to 6 cycles/min in the supine position. Resting HR and RR intervals were analyzed by time (RMSSD index) and frequency domain methods. The power spectral components are reported in normalized units (nu) at low (LF) and high (HF) frequency, and as the LF/HF ratio. The deep breathing test was analyzed by the respiratory sinus arrhythmia indices: expiration/inspiration ratio (E/I) and inspiration-expiration difference (∆IE). The active groups had lower HR and higher RMSSD index than the sedentary groups (life-style condition: sedentary vs active, P < 0.05). The older groups showed lower HFnu, higher LFnu and higher LF/HF ratio than the young groups (aging effect: young vs older, P < 0.05). The OS group had a lower E/ I ratio (1.16) and ∆IE (9.7 bpm) than the other groups studied (YS: 1.38, 22.4 bpm; YA: 1.40, 21.3 bpm; OA: 1.38, 18.5 bpm). The interaction between aging and life-style effects had a P < 0.05. These results suggest that aging reduces HR variability. However, regular physical activity positively affects vagal activity on the heart and consequently attenuates the effects of aging in the autonomic control of HR.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…are relevant to determine their magnitude (18). In general, regular aerobic physical activity improves functional capacity, produces resting bradycardia (14,16,17) and may improve HRV (14,15,19).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of age and physical activity on the autonomic control of heart rate in healthy men

Melo

Santos

Silva

et al. 2005

Braz J Med Biol Res

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“…11 Further, regular physical activity has been shown to lower resting HR; 12 to improve HR recovery after acute exercise 12,13 and to increase global HRV [14][15][16] in several studies, though not all. 15,[17][18][19] These equivocal results could be because of differences in training characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of aerobic training intensity on resting, exercise and post-exercise blood pressure, heart rate and heart-rate variability

et al. 2009

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We aimed to investigate the effects of endurance training intensity (1) on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and heart rate (HR) at rest before exercise, and during and after a maximal exercise test; and (2) on measures of HR variability at rest before exercise and during recovery from the exercise test, in at least 55-year-old healthy sedentary men and women. A randomized crossover study comprising three 10-week periods was performed. In the first and third period, participants exercised at lower or higher intensity (33% or 66% of HR reserve) in random order, with a sedentary period in between. Training programmes were identical except for intensity, and were performed under supervision thrice for 1 h per week. The results show that in the three conditions, that is, at rest before exercise, during exercise and during recovery, we found endurance training at lower and higher intensity to reduce SBP significantly (Po0.05) and to a similar extent. Further, SBP during recovery was, on average, not lower than at rest before exercise, and chronic endurance training did not affect the response of SBP after an acute bout of exercise. The effect of training on HR at rest, during exercise and recovery was more pronounced (Po0.05) with higher intensity. Finally, endurance training had no significant effect on sympathovagal balance. In conclusion, in participants at higher age, both training programmes exert similar effects on SBP at rest, during exercise and during post-exercise recovery, whereas the effects on HR are more pronounced after higher intensity training.

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“…In this context, some works have analyzed the effects of sedentary life-style changes, through implementation of physical exercise programs in the attempt to minimize or partially reverse the HRV decrease that occurs with aging [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] . Following these investigations, it has been shown that aerobic physical training promotes a HRV increase in elderly individuals [7][8][9][10] , however the studies that assessed anaerobic physical training effects, such as isometric and strength training, over the HRV in individuals of different ages present inconclusive results 9,[11][12]13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redução da variabilidade da freqüência cardíaca em indivíduos de meia-idade e o efeito do treinamento de força

Lopes

Pereira

Reboredo

et al. 2007

Rev. bras. fisioter.

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Objective: To investigate autonomic modulation of the sinus node, by analyzing heart rate variability (HRV) among young and middle-aged individuals, and to assess the effect of an resistance strength training program on this modulation among middleaged individuals. Method: Thirty-two healthy nonsmoking men with sedentary lifestyles, of whom 10 were young (22.2 ± 1.5 years) and 22 were middle-aged (49.3 ± 5.3 years), underwent electrocardiogram signal acquisition for time-domain HRV analysis. The middle-aged individuals were divided into two groups: experimental (n= 12) and control (n= 10). The individuals in the experimental group were enrolled in a strength training program lasting three months. The data analysis was carried out using the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests (p< 0.05). Results: The middle-aged group presented significant reductions (in relation to the young group) for all the variables used in investigating HRV (SDNN= 33.4 vs. 49.7 ms; RMSSD= 29.9 vs. 49.5 ms; pNN50= 6.5 vs. 27%). The training caused a significant increase in muscle strength and resistance for all muscular groups and non-significant increases in the variables SDNN (33.4 vs. 37.6 ms), RMSSD (30.2 vs. 31.3 ms) and pNN50 (7.5 vs. 11.4%). Conclusions: The findings from this study confirm that increased age causes alteration to the autonomic modulation of the sinus node, as demonstrated by reduced HRV in middle-aged individuals, which was not significantly modified by the type of physical training studied.

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Effect of endurance exercise training on heart rate variability at rest in healthy young and older men

Cited by 265 publications

References 27 publications

Effects of age and physical activity on the autonomic control of heart rate in healthy men

Effects of age and physical activity on the autonomic control of heart rate in healthy men

Effects of aerobic training intensity on resting, exercise and post-exercise blood pressure, heart rate and heart-rate variability

Redução da variabilidade da freqüência cardíaca em indivíduos de meia-idade e o efeito do treinamento de força

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