Effect of Engine Intake-Air Moisture on Exhaust Emissions

Brown, William; Gendernalik, S. A.; Kerley, R. V.; Marsee, F J

doi:10.4271/700107

Cited by 15 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Many factors have been shown to influence vehicle emissions, including vehicle type , , vehicle dynamics such as speed and acceleration – , traffic flow conditions – , ambient conditions , , roadway infrastructure , and driver behavior – . Some of these factors can be controlled in a field experiment based on the choice of vehicles, routes, drivers, and scheduling of data collection activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuel Use and Emissions Comparisons for Alternative Routes, Time of Day, Road Grade, and Vehicles Based on In-Use Measurements

Frey

Zhang

Rouphail

2008

Environ. Sci. Technol.

187

130

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The objective here is to quantify the variability in emissions of selected light duty gasoline vehicles by routes, time of day, road grade, and vehicle with a focus on the impact of routes and road grade. Field experiments using a portable emission measurement system were conducted under real-world driving cycles. The study area included two origin/destination pairs, each with three alternative routes. Total emissions varied from trip to trip and from route to route due to variations in average speed and travel time. On an average trip basis, the total NO emissions differed by 24% when comparing alternative routes and by 19% when comparing congested travel time with less congested traffic time. Positive road grades were associated with an approximately 20% increase in localized emissions rates, while negative road grades were associated with a similar relative decrease. The average vehicle-specific power based NO modal emission rates differed by more than 2 orders of magnitude when comparing different vehicles. The results demonstrate that alternative routing can significantly impact trip emissions. Furthermore, road grade should be taken into account for localized emissions estimation. Vehicle-specific models are needed to capture episodic effects of emissions for near-road short-term human exposure assessment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fuel Use and Emissions Comparisons for Alternative Routes, Time of Day, Road Grade, and Vehicles Based on In-Use Measurements

Frey

Zhang

Rouphail

2008

Environ. Sci. Technol.

187

130

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Changes in humidity can affect the fuel viscosity, which can in turn affect fuel injection and combustion patterns, resulting in fluctuations in CO and CO 2 emissions. Increased humidity in the intake air has also been shown to decrease total NO x production in multiple previous studies [38][39][40]. We used correction factors available for naturally aspirated off-road diesel engines [41] …”

Section: Mower Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel Use in Two Off-Road Diesel Engines

Guo

Peltier

Carter

et al. 2012

ISRN Renewable Energy

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This study examines the composition and combustion performance of biodiesel produced from waste cooking oil. Six fuel batches produced from waste oil used in dining-hall fryers were examined to determine their physical and chemical properties, including their elemental and fatty acid methyl ester composition. Oleic and linoleic methyl esters accounted for more than 70% of the fuel composition, while the oxygen content averaged 10.2% by weight. Exhaust emissions were monitored for 5-100% biodiesel blends using two off-road engines: a 2007 Yanmar diesel generator and a 1993 John Deere front mower. Increasing biodiesel content resulted in reduced emissions of partial combustion products from the diesel generator but a rise in NO x , with the greatest changes occurring between 5 and 20% biodiesel content. For the riding mower, biodiesel content up to 50% had little effect on emissions, while NO x and total hydrocarbon emissions decreased with 100% biodiesel. The difference in NO x emissions is attributed to the two different fuel injection control designs used in the two engines. These results indicate that the effects of biodiesel use on nonroad engine exhaust emissions may be substantially lower in older engines optimized for performance over emissions control.

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Effect of Ambient Temperature and Humidity on Combustion and Emissions of a Spark-Assisted Compression Ignition Engine

Chang

Mendrea

Sterniak

et al. 2016

Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power

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Spark-assisted compression ignition (SACI) offers more practical combustion phasing control and a lower pressure rise rate than homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI) combustion and improved thermal efficiency and lower NOx emissions than spark ignition (SI) combustion. Any practical passenger car engine, including one that uses SACI in part of its operating range, must be robust to changes in ambient conditions. This study investigates the effects of ambient temperature and humidity on stoichiometric SACI combustion and emissions. It is shown that at the medium speed and load SACI test point selected for this study, increasing ambient air temperature from 20 °C to 41 °C advances combustion phasing, increases maximum pressure rise rate, causes a larger fraction of the charge to be consumed by auto-ignition (and a smaller fraction by flame propagation), and increases NOx. Increasing ambient humidity from 32% to 60% retards combustion phasing, reduces maximum pressure rise rate, increases coefficient of variation (COV) of indicated mean effective pressure (IMEP), reduces NOx, and increases brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC). These results show that successful implementation of SACI combustion in real-world driving requires a control strategy that compensates for changes in ambient temperature and humidity.

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Effect of Engine Intake-Air Moisture on Exhaust Emissions

Cited by 15 publications

References 6 publications

Fuel Use and Emissions Comparisons for Alternative Routes, Time of Day, Road Grade, and Vehicles Based on In-Use Measurements

Fuel Use and Emissions Comparisons for Alternative Routes, Time of Day, Road Grade, and Vehicles Based on In-Use Measurements

Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel Use in Two Off-Road Diesel Engines

Effect of Ambient Temperature and Humidity on Combustion and Emissions of a Spark-Assisted Compression Ignition Engine

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