Effect of enrofloxacin on zootechnical performance, behaviour and immunohistopathological response in broiler chicken

Abstract

Aim: A safety pharmacology trial was conducted to evaluate the impact of enrofloxacin on zootechnical performance, behaviour and immunohistopathological response in Newcastle disease virus vaccinated broiler chicken after pulsed water medication. Materials and Methods: Experimental group birds were administered with enrofloxacin at recommended therapeutic dose 10mg/Kg body weight, through drinking water for five consecutive days from 43rd to 47th day of age. Zootechnical performance parameters, behavioural and humoral immune response in terms of haemagglutination inhibition (HI) titre were assessed at different time interval during pre-treatment, treatment, post-treatment period. Bursa of Fabricius and spleen tissues collected at each sampling point viz. 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 days post treatment were subjected to histopathological examination. Results: A significant reduction in HI titre was noticed in enrofloxacin administered birds. The decreased HI titre was further substantiated by the histopathological changes observed in bursa of Fabricius and spleen which showed a lymphocytic dispersion and depletion with several areas of lymphoblastic degeneration. Conversely, a down regulatory effect on humoral immunity was observed as evidenced by increased HI titre value noticed from 5th day post treatment onwards and a congruent reversible trend in histopathological changes as indicated by repopulation with lymphocytes on 9th day post treatment. However, there was no significant change in body weight, cumulative feed intake, feed efficiency and behaviour in enrofloxacin administered groups. Conclusion: The present study suggests that the immuno suppressive activity of enrofloxacin may alter the immune response to vaccines, if it is coadministered during vaccination of broilers. On the other hand, enrofloxacin, though it decreased the humoral immune response, it did not have any appreciable effect on broiler's performance. [Vet World 2013; 6(6.000): 337-342

Gastrointestinal tract and neuroendocrine system responses of young turkeys to the early administration of antibiotics or feeding a diet containing a coccidiostat

“…This study confirms previous observations that the early short-term administration of antibiotics or MON in the recommended doses does not compromise the growth performance of birds ( Watkins et al, 1993 ; Watkins and Novilla, 1994 ; Chapman and Saleh, 1999 ; Sureshkumar et al, 2013 ). However, Madubuike et al (2020) reported that DOX administered in early life to vaccinated chickens decreased their BW gain.…”

Effects of dietary supplementation with antibiotic, organic acid, probiotic and prebiotic on the intestinal morphology and Newcastle disease virus titers of broilers in commercial farms

“…In addition, enrofloxacin showed no negative effect on the immune response to NDV in chickens of Farm 7 during this study (Group I). On the contrary, Sureshkumar et al (2013) confirmed that the significant reduction in HI antibody titers against NDV of enrofloxacin administered birds was found. According to previous studies, a high proportion of birds (> 85%) with a high antibody titre (≥ 3log 2 ) after vaccination will ensure that no epidemic spread is possible in vaccinated population (Kapczynski & King, 2005;Boven et al, 2008).…”

Protective role of biogenic selenium nanoparticles in immunological and oxidative stress generated by enrofloxacin in broiler chicken

“…The control group received non-medicated water and normal feed (without Se NPs), treatment group II were medicated with EFX (M/s. Neospark Drugs and Chemicals Private Limited, Hyderabad, India) at a recommended therapeutic dose of 10 mg per kg body weight, in drinking water from day thirty-two to forty-two 8,21 and fed on a normal diet (without Se NPs). Birds received their freshly-prepared daily medication during a 4 h period in the morning, and their water was antibiotic-free for the remaining 20 h in the day.…”

“…A suitable weight of the fresh tissue (5 g) was homogenized in (50 mL) ice-cold phosphate buffer saline ( pH ∼ 7), and then the homogenate was centrifuged for 10 min at 4 °C for the estimation of antioxidant assay. 8…”

“…However, EFX administration in broiler chicken is responsible for a considerable fall in the lymphocyte count, 7 and haemagglutination inhibition (HI) titre which is associated with histopathological changes in lymphoid organs. 8 The bone marrow and peripheral blood cells may be affected adversely by drugs. 9 Nalidixic acid (core structure of enrofloxacin) has been reported in literature for anaemic activity through bone marrow suppression at high doses in poultry birds.…”