Effect of Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415 on Gut Barrier Function, Internal Redox State, Proinflammatory Response and Pathogen Inhibition Properties in Porcine Intestinal Epithelial Cells

Abstract

In farm animals, intestinal diseases caused by Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli may lead to significant economic loss. In the past few decades, the swine industry has largely relied on the prophylactic use of antibiotics to control gastrointestinal diseases. The development of antibiotic resistance has become an important issue both in animal and human health. The use of antibiotics for prophylactic purposes has been banned, moreover the new EU regulations further restrict the application of antibiotics in veterinary use. The swine industry seeks alternatives that are capable of maintaining the health of the gastrointestinal tract. Probiotics offer a promising alternative; however, their mode of action is not fully understood. In our experiments, porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2 cells) were challenged by Salmonella Typhimurium or Escherichia coli and we aimed at determining the effect of pre-, co-, and post-treatment with Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415 on the internal redox state, paracellular permeability, IL-6 and IL-8 secretion of IPEC-J2 cells. Moreover, the adhesion inhibition effect was also investigated. Enterococcus faecium was able to reduce oxidative stress and paracellular permeability of IPEC-J2 cells and could inhibit the adhesion of Salmonella Typhimurium and Escherichia coli. Based on our results, Enterococcus faecium is a promising candidate to maintain the health of the gastrointestinal tract.

Effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus DSM7133 on Intestinal Porcine Epithelial Cells

“…The significance was interpreted if the p-value fell below 0.05. To evaluate cell viability, IC ROS, IL-6/IL-8, and barrier integrity, six replicates per treatment group were utilized, while for adhesion inhibition determination, four replicates per treatment group were applied [46].…”

“…The viability of IPEC-J2 cells remained unaffected when subjected to a 10 8 CFU/mL concentration of L. rhamnosus suspension for 1 and 2 h, showing no significant alterations compared to the control group (Figure 2) [46].…”

Effects of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis on Gut Barrier Function, Proinflammatory Response, ROS Production and Pathogen Inhibition Properties in IPEC-J2—Escherichia coli/Salmonella Typhimurium Co-Culture

“…The effect of Enterococcus faecium HDRsEf1 on IPEC-J2 cells has proven to be beneficial in many fields: enterotoxigenic E. coli -induced barrier impairment could be counteracted, E. coli adhesions were inhibited, and in addition E. coli -induced IL-8 secretion was modulated [ 41 ]. Furthermore, Enterococcus faecium NCIMB 10415 could reduce S. Typhimurium- and E. coli -induced ROS production in porcine intestinal cell culture (IPEC-J2) [ 45 ]. However, L. rhamnosus attenuated enterotoxigenic E. coli -induced damage to the IPEC-J2 cell barrier [ 46 ] and Lactobacillus amylovorus DSM 16698 inhibited enterotoxigenic E. coli adhesion to porcine epithelial cells (IPEC-1) and protected membrane damage induced by E. coli [ 47 ].…”

Bioprospecting for Novel Probiotic Strains from Human Milk and Infants: Molecular, Biochemical, and Ultrastructural Evidence

“…The previous investigation by Evivie et al [ 40 ] confirmed the medicinal usage of L. delbrueckii isolates as a probiotic against foodborne pathogens. Moreover, recent studies have evidenced the role of E. faecium as a promising probiotic candidate for both human and animal use [ 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ]. Despite 16S rRNA being a very conserved region, six of our isolates revealed huge divergence in that region and this could be explained by the effect of environmental, demographic, genetic factors, and the maternal lifestyle on modifying the microbial diversity of human milk and infants’ gut [ 45 ].…”