Effect of environment on citrus fruit abscission and maturation

Khefifi, Hajer; Tadeo, Francisco R.; Selmane, Rim; Mimoun, M. Ben; Morillón, Raphaël; Luro, François

doi:10.17660/actahortic.2016.1119.8

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Metabolites significantly decreased were displayed in blue, while metabolites significantly increased were displayed in red. suggests they may also be involved in other physiological processes (Taranto et al, 2017) PPO is responsible for the oxidation of antioxidants, subsequently decreasing the antioxidant activity of cold-stored fruit and leading to the induction of chilling injury and loss of membrane integrity during cold storage (Lee et al, 2012;Khefifi et al, 2020;Xu et al, 2021). The polyphenol oxidase enzyme found in fruits causes the enzymatic browning reaction.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomic analyses provide insights into the preharvest rind disorder in Satsuma Owari Mandarin

Pervaiz,

Park,

Rezk

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Citrus fruit’s appearance is the primary criterion used to assess its quality for the fresh market, hence the rind’s condition is a crucial quality trait. Pre-harvest rind disorder is one of the major physiological problems in mandarins. The disorder occurs right before harvest following rain events in some Mandarin varieties. Despite the economic damage caused by this kind of disorder, very limited information is available about the molecular mechanisms underlying the occurrence of this disorder. In the present study, we evaluated the primary metabolites, antioxidants, and hormones associated with the pre-harvest rind disorder in Mandarins. The study was carried out using ten-year-old ‘Owari’ Satsuma mandarin trees grafted on ‘Carrizo’ rootstock and grown in a commercial orchard in San Joaquin Valley, California, USA. Samples were collected from healthy tissue of healthy fruit (HF_HT), healthy tissue of damaged fruit (DF_HT), and damaged tissue of damaged fruit (DF_DT). Damaged fruit (DF_HT and DF_DT) showed lower cellulose concentrations than healthy fruit tissues (HF_HT), however, had similar contents of pectin and hemicellulose. The antioxidant activities showed no significant difference in all paired comparisons between samples as expressed in the malondialdehyde (MDA) content. However, DF_DT had a higher H2O2 content compared to HF_HT, but DF_HT had a similar content to that of HF_HT. Furthermore, peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activities were increased in DF_DT compared to HF_HT (P = 0.0294) and DF_HT (P = 0.0044), respectively. Targeted metabolomics analysis revealed that a total of 76 metabolites were identified in Satsuma rind tissues, and the relative concentrations of 43 metabolites were significantly different across studied samples. The hormonal analysis showed the involvement of jasmonate O-methyltransferase, jasmonic acid-amido synthetase JAR1-like, and JA-isoleucine may key role in causing the rind disorder in mandarins. In addition, the damaged fruit tissues have a higher level of jasmonic acid (JA), 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid, and JA-isoleucine than undamaged tissue.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomic analyses provide insights into the preharvest rind disorder in Satsuma Owari Mandarin

Pervaiz,

Park,

Rezk

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…Some reports have proved that ecological environment plays a key role in the growth and development of citrus fruit, and temperature is a major climatic factor in determining the distribution, yield, and quality of citrus fruit (Khefifi et al 2014). At the same time, diurnal temperature difference has an obvious impact on the quality of citrus fruit and shows a significant positive correlation with total sugar content, vitamin C (Vc) content, and ratio of total soluble solid (TSS) to titratable acid (TA) (Ladaniya 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ca(NO3)2 canopy spraying during physiological fruit drop period has a better influence on the tree character and fruit quality of Newhall navel orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck)

Zheng

Yang

Jia

et al. 2017

Journal of Integrative Agriculture

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This study aimed to provide a theoretical basis for adopting suitable cultivation measures to tackle Ca deficiency in citrus leaves. The Newhall navel orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck) canopy was sprayed with 20.0 mmol L-1 of Ca nitrate (Ca(-NO 3) 2) during physiological fruit drop period, fruit expanding period, and fruit maturing period on 30, 90, 210 day after full bloom (DAFB), respectively, and its effects on leaf gas exchange parameters and leaf mineral nutrition and fruit quality were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) The photosynthetic rate (ACO 2) at 9:00 a.m. and 16:00 p.m. of fruit expanding period with 30 and 90 DAFB Ca(NO 3) 2 treatments slightly or significantly improved mainly by decreasing stomatal limitation and nonstomatal limitation, respectively. (2) Compared with control (CK), the Ca concentration in leaves with 30, 90, 240 DAFB Ca(NO 3) 2 treatments increased by 127.16, 97.53, and 33.33%, respectively, and the leaf magnesium concentration also increased by more than 32.26%. However, Ca(NO 3) 2 canopy spraying on 30 DAFB significantly reduced the leaf potassium concentration, by 22.14% compared with CK. (3) Ca(NO 3) 2 canopy spraying on 30 DAFB decreased the second fruit drop rate by 30.55% and increased the weight per fruit by 25.04%, thus resulting in a significant increase in citrus yield. (4) Spraying Ca(NO 3) on 30 DAFB mainly affected the metabolism of titratable acid (TA) to improve the maturity of citrus fruits. Whilst it improved the external quality and the coloring of citrus fruit significantly. Therefore, Ca(NO 3) 2 canopy spraying during physiological fruit drop period has a better influence on the tree character and fruit quality of Newhall navel orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck).

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“…The maturity of citrus fruits is obviously related to the developing time of fruits, and also closely related to the hardness, sugar content, acid content, soluble solids, and aromatic gases released by fruits [23][24][25] . Since the growth cycle and fruit harvesting time of most crops are relatively fixed, it is relatively common for the studies of crop maturity to estimate maturity through the growth and developing time of crops.…”

Section: Introduction mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of maturity of citrus fruits on their stalks cutting force

Wang¹,

Liu²,

Li³

et al. 2022

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering

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When the citrus harvesting robot harvests citruses, the mechanical properties of citrus stalks have an important influence on the success rate of the citrus harvesting robot. During the harvesting, the maturity of citrus fruits not only determined the harvesting time of citrus fruits but also affected the mechanical properties of citrus fruit stalks. In this study, the changes in the cutting force of citrus fruit stalks were described during the maturity of citrus fruits, and the effect of the maturity on the cutting force of stalks was clarified, so as to determine the harvesting time with the minimum cutting force required for harvesting citrus fruits by the harvesting robot. During the maturity, the relevant parameters of fruit maturity, such as the hardness, pH, and solid solution content of citrus fruits, were monitored. The results showed that there is a significant correlation between the hardness, pH, the solid solution content of citrus fruits, and the cutting force of citrus fruit stalks during maturity. The single-factor mechanical model of hardness, pH, solid solution content of citrus fruits, and the cutting force of citrus fruit stalks were established based on the data of 2019, which were verified through tests in 2020. The test results are as follows: during the ripening period of citrus fruits, the fruit hardness varies in the range of 0.13-0.31 MPa, the hardness changes by 0.02 MPa, and the cutting force changes by about 2.0-6.0 N; the pH of the citrus fruits changes in the range of 2.8-4.0, and the cutting force changes by about 1.5-2.2 N for every 0.1 change in the pH; the variation range of fruit solid solution content is 6.5%-9.0%, and for every 0.2% change in solid solution, the cutting force of citrus fruit stalks changes by about 1.25-2.0 N. The mechanical models can predict the cutting force required to cut off citrus fruit stalks according to the relevant parameters of citrus fruit maturity and can provide a reference for effectively evaluating the required cutting force.

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Effect of environment on citrus fruit abscission and maturation

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

Metabolomic analyses provide insights into the preharvest rind disorder in Satsuma Owari Mandarin

Metabolomic analyses provide insights into the preharvest rind disorder in Satsuma Owari Mandarin

Ca(NO3)2 canopy spraying during physiological fruit drop period has a better influence on the tree character and fruit quality of Newhall navel orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck)

Effects of maturity of citrus fruits on their stalks cutting force

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