Effect of environmental temperature on the turnover of 5‐hydroxytryptamine in various areas of rat brain

Simmonds, M.A.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1970.sp009268

Cited by 49 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…A mechanism which may, or may not, be part of such regulation has repeatedly been demonstrated in the rat (Reid, Volicer, Beaven & Brodie, 1966;Corrodi, Fuxe & H6kfelt, 1967;Simmonds, 1970;Weiss & Aghajanian, 1971). It consists of an increase in turnover of 5-HT when the body temperature of the conscious rat is raised by an elevated ambient temperature; while the body temperature rises, the firing rate of raphe neurones increases (Weiss & Aghajanian, 1971).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Release of 5‐hydroxytryptamine from caudate nucleus and septum

Holman¹,

Vogt²

1972

The Journal of Physiology

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SUMMARY1. The anterior horn of one lateral ventricle was perfused in anaesthetized cats treated with inhibitors of monoamine oxidase, and the effluent was tested for 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT).2. The basal release of 5-HT varied from 0-25 to 4 ng in 25 min, and was usually about 1 ng.3. The basal release rose and fell with body temperature. 4. Electrical stimulation for 15 min of the nucleus linearis intermedius or of the nucleus linearis rostralis caused a release of 5-HT which rarely outlasted the collection period of 25 min.5. Low frequencies (0.5/sec) were, per stimulus, more effective than high frequencies in releasing 5-HT. Over a 15 min period of stimulation, however, the highest total yield was at 20/sec; it fell abruptly at still greater frequencies.6. No release was obtained if the stimulating electrode was positioned in a variety of brain structures outside the two linear nuclei.7. The experiments indicate that 5-HT acts as a transmitter of impulses in neurones originating in the linear nuclei and terminating in caudate nucleus and septum.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Release of 5‐hydroxytryptamine from caudate nucleus and septum

Holman¹,

Vogt²

1972

The Journal of Physiology

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“…An increase in brain 5-HT content after A9-THC was also reported by Sofla et al (1971) but not by Gallager et al (1972). Since changes in ambient temperature can alter monoamine metabolism (Reid et al, 1968;Simmonds, 1969;1970), it appears reasonable to suggest that A9-THC has altered the 5-HT metabolism at all four ambient temperatures used.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

THE EFFECT OF Δ⁹‐TETRA‐HYDROCANNABINOL ON BODY TEMPERATURE AND BRAIN AMINE CONCENTRATIONS IN THE RAT AT DIFFERENT AMBIENT TEMPERATURES

Fennessy

Taylor

1977

British J Pharmacology

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I Rats were injected intravenously with 2 mg/kg (-)-trans-A9-tetrahydrocannabinol (A9-THC) at ambient temperatures of 40, 2 10, 310 and 370C. 2 The general behaviour exhibited by rats treated with A9-THC was similar at all four ambient temperatures.3 Body temperatures were recorded continuously before and after drug administration. At 40 and 210C, A9-THC caused hypothermia whereas no change in body temperature occurred at 310 and 370C. 4 The concentrations in the whole brain of noradrenaline (NA), dopamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) were determined spectrophotofluorimetrically 1 h after drug administration. At 40C A9-THC caused an increase of 5-HT, at 21 OC an increase of 5-HIAA, at 31 OC an increase of 5-HIAA and a decrease of NA, and at 370C an increase of 5-HT and 5-HIAA.5 At all ambient temperatures, A9-THC increased the brain levels of 5-HT and/or 5-HIAA. A correlation between the A9-THC-induced hypothermic response and the possible alteration of brain 5-HT metabolism cannot be excluded.

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“…Animal studies are generally consistent in indicating an increase in central serotonergic activity during heat stress (21)(22)(23)(24). These increases are associated with an increased rate of firing by serotonergic raphe neurons (24) and suggest that serotonergic pathways are involved in thermoregulation, particularly in reducing heat production and increasing heat loss (11).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Effects of Body Heating During Sleep Interruption

Bunnell

Horvath

1985

Sleep

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Summary: This study assessed the effects that elevating body temperature had on sleep structure in the third and fourth sleep cycles, cycles typically characterized by a high propensity for REM sleep and diminished levels of delta amplitude and incidence. The sleep of eight women and two men was interrupted for 30 min on each of 3 consecutive nights following an undisturbed adaptation night. The subjects were awakened each night following the end of the second REM sleep period. On 2 nights, subjects were immersed to midthorax in water at either 34°C (TW condition) or 41°C (HW condition) for 20 min. A third interruption without immersion (NW condition) was performed to provide a second type of baseline condition. The HW condition induced a mean tympanic temperature rise of 2.SoC, that returned to baseline levels in ~60 min. Analysis of sleep patterns focused on the two sleep cycles following interruption. The mean of the two baseline conditions (TW + NW/2) was compared with the HW condition. Sleep onset latency, REM latency, REM duration, and eye movement activity in REM were unaffected by heating. Heating evoked increases in both total NREM and slow wave sleep, though these increases were delayed until the second cycle following sleep onset (i.e., appearing in the fourth, but not the third, NREM period). These were paralleled by increases in two objective measures of delta activity: integrated slow-wave amplitUde (33% increase) and slow-wave density (10% increase). Key Words: Body temperature-Sleep--Passive heating-Interrupted s1eep--Slow wave sleep--REM sleep--REM propensity.In a previous study (1), exercise imposed during a period of sleep interruption resulted in suppression of both the phasic (eye movement activity) and tonic (duration) components of the REM period that followed (by contrast, NREM sleep was unaffected). The effects of exercise that were hypothesized to contribute to this REM suppression were (a) an increase in central noradrenergic turnover or (b) increased body temperature. While an inverse relationship between REM propensity and the normal body temperature rhythm is well established (2), it is unclear whether a reduction in REM propensity should follow an induced elevation of body temperature.Two studies (3,4) sought to test the effects of elevating body temperature during sleep. Body temperature was elevated by pyrogens (3) in one case and by use of an electric blanket (4) in the second. While both studies reported reductions in REM sleep, a considerable sleep disturbance and reduction of NREM sleep as well suggested that the effects

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Effect of environmental temperature on the turnover of 5‐hydroxytryptamine in various areas of rat brain

Cited by 49 publications

References 32 publications

Release of 5‐hydroxytryptamine from caudate nucleus and septum

Release of 5‐hydroxytryptamine from caudate nucleus and septum

THE EFFECT OF Δ⁹‐TETRA‐HYDROCANNABINOL ON BODY TEMPERATURE AND BRAIN AMINE CONCENTRATIONS IN THE RAT AT DIFFERENT AMBIENT TEMPERATURES

Effects of Body Heating During Sleep Interruption

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Effect of environmental temperature on the turnover of 5‐hydroxytryptamine in various areas of rat brain

Cited by 49 publications

References 32 publications

Release of 5‐hydroxytryptamine from caudate nucleus and septum

Release of 5‐hydroxytryptamine from caudate nucleus and septum

THE EFFECT OF Δ9‐TETRA‐HYDROCANNABINOL ON BODY TEMPERATURE AND BRAIN AMINE CONCENTRATIONS IN THE RAT AT DIFFERENT AMBIENT TEMPERATURES

Effects of Body Heating During Sleep Interruption

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THE EFFECT OF Δ⁹‐TETRA‐HYDROCANNABINOL ON BODY TEMPERATURE AND BRAIN AMINE CONCENTRATIONS IN THE RAT AT DIFFERENT AMBIENT TEMPERATURES