Effect of estrogen‐progestin hormonal replacement therapy on plasma antithrombin III of postmenopausal women

Bonduki, Cláudio Emílio; Lourenço, Dayse Maria; Baracat, Edmund Chada; Haidar, Mauro Abi; Noguti, Maria Aparecida Eiko; Motta, E.L.A.; Lima, Geraldo Rodrigues de

doi:10.1034/j.1600-0412.1998.770315.x

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Antithrombin III (AT III) is a potent coagulation inhibitor that may increase the risk of thrombosis if not present in adequate levels (Bonduki et al 1998). Oral estrogens decrease AT III levels whereas transdermal estrogens appear to have no effect on antithrombin III levels.…”

Section: Venous Thromboembolism (Vte)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transdermal hormone therapy in postmenopausal women: A review of metabolic effects and drug delivery technologies

Kopper¹

2008

DDDT

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Abstract:Vasomotor symptoms (VMS) associated with menopause can cause signifi cant discomfort and decrease the quality of life for women in the peri-menopausal and post-menopausal stages of life. Hormone therapy (HT) is the mainstay of treatment for menopausal symptoms and is currently the only therapy proven effective for VMS. Numerous HT options are available to treat VMS, including estrogen-only and estrogen-progestogen combination products to meet the needs of both hysterectomized and nonhysterectomized women. In addition to selecting an appropriate estrogen or estrogen-progestogen combination, consideration should be given to the route of administration to best suit the needs of the patient. Delivery systems for hormone therapy include oral tablets, transdermal patches, transdermal topical (nonpatch) products, and intravaginal preparations. Oral is currently the most commonly utilized route of administration in the United States. However, evidence suggests that oral delivery may lead to some undesirable physiologic effects caused by signifi cant gut and hepatic metabolism. Transdermal drug delivery may mitigate some of these effects by avoiding gut and hepatic fi rst-pass metabolism. Advantages of transdermal delivery include the ability to administer unmetabolized estradiol directly to the blood stream, administration of lower doses compared to oral products, and minimal stimulation of hepatic protein production. Several estradiol transdermal delivery technologies are available, including various types of patches, topical gels, and a transdermal spray.

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Section: Venous Thromboembolism (Vte)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transdermal hormone therapy in postmenopausal women: A review of metabolic effects and drug delivery technologies

Kopper¹

2008

DDDT

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“…In spite of the many studies conducted in the field, controversies persist concerning hormone replacement therapy (HRT) effects upon blood coagulation and fibrinolysis. More pronounced effects have been reported for oral than for transdermal supply of oestrogen [12, 16, 20]. Furthermore, study results have differed between studies of unopposed oestrogen [3, 4, 9, 12, 14, 15, 17] and combined oestrogen–progestagens [3, 10, 11, 13–16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hormone replacement therapy in healthy postmenopausal women: a randomized, placebo‐controlled study of effects on coagulation and fibrinolytic factors

Gottsäter

Rendell

Hulthén

et al. 2001

Journal of Internal Medicine

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“…The activity of antithrombin is diminished by oral cHRT and not affected by transdermal cHRT. 14 Other studies indicated an increase of antithrombin concentration by HRT 21,38 or contrarily a decrease, 27 the effects of cHRT being more pronounced than those of oral ERT. Again, other studies have failed to show alterations in activity or concentration of antithrombin.…”

Section: Changes In Anticoagulant Variablesmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…12,13 Oral ERT appears to reduce the level of fibrinogen. 14,15 Trials in which the effects of transdermal ERT were tested did not show an effect on plasma fibrinogen levels. 16,17 cHRT has no consistent effect on plasma fibrinogen levels.…”

Section: Changes In Procoagulant Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes of Hemostatic Variables during Hormone Replacement Therapy

Thijs

Stehouwer

2003

Seminars in Vascular Medicine

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Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is accompanied by many changes in the hemostatic system. Because several individual hemostatic variables have been suspected to be reasonable indicators of the hemostatic balance and because this balance is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of several diseases, careful examination of the changes in this system induced by HRT could be helpful, first to improve HRT and second to improve our understanding of mechanisms of cardiovascular disease. The effects of (several forms of) HRT on individual hemostatic variables are discussed in this article. The pattern that emerges is that HRT stimulates coagulation, inhibits anticoagulation, and stimulates fibrinolysis (partly by inhibition of fibrinolysis). There are, however, few data that give clear insight into the effects of HRT on hemostatic variables. Controlled randomized clinical studies are needed to evaluate further the effects of HRT on the hemostatic system, to understand the interplay between inflammation and coagulation (both pathways being affected by HRT), and to understand how HRT-associated changes are affected by differences in genetic background.

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Effect of estrogen‐progestin hormonal replacement therapy on plasma antithrombin III of postmenopausal women

Abstract: These data suggest that oral conjugated estrogen replacement reduces functional ATIII, whereas transdermal estradiol replacement therapy does not modify it.

Cited by 10 publications

References 20 publications

Transdermal hormone therapy in postmenopausal women: A review of metabolic effects and drug delivery technologies

Transdermal hormone therapy in postmenopausal women: A review of metabolic effects and drug delivery technologies

Hormone replacement therapy in healthy postmenopausal women: a randomized, placebo‐controlled study of effects on coagulation and fibrinolytic factors

Changes of Hemostatic Variables during Hormone Replacement Therapy

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