Effect of Estrogen Receptor Expression Level and Hormonal Therapy on Prognosis of Early Breast Cancer

Yoon, Kyung-Hwak; Park, Yeshong; Kang, Eunyoung; Kim, Eun‐Kyu; Kim, Jee Hyun; Kim, Se Hyun; Suh, Koung Jin; Kim, Sun Mi; Jang, Mijung; Yun, Bo La; Park, So Yeon; Shin, Hee-Chul

doi:10.4143/crt.2021.890

Cited by 19 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In the present study, ER low cases constituted 2% (46/2,309) of all IBC cases and 2.8% (46/1,666) of ER-positive IBC cases, which is consistent with previous studies that reported ER low cases accounted for 2%–5.1% of all IBC and 2.5%–7.4% of ER-positive IBC cases [ 6 7 9 13 14 15 ]. Some studies [ 9 13 ] have defined ER low as 1%–9% positive staining instead of 1%–10% (the ASCO/CAP definition). Furthermore, a recent study that used tissue microarray IHC data reported a slightly higher incidence of ER low cases (3% of all IBCs and 4.1% of ER-positive IBCs) [ 8 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…Most ER low cases (93.5%) in the present study and > 50% of ER low cases in previous studies presented with low or negative PR expression [ 7 8 9 ], which may contribute to the lack of significant survival benefits of adjuvant hormone therapy for patients with ER low IBC. Previous studies have reported HER2 positivity in 29%–60% of ER low cases [ 7 8 9 ]. Furthermore, the current study revealed that ER low IBCs are heterogeneous, with some cases similar to triple-negative breast cancer and others similar to HER2-positive breast cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…Regarding clinicopathological characteristics, ER low cases were associated with younger age, larger tumor size, higher histological grade, higher pN, more advanced stage, higher Ki-67, and higher HER2 positivity and PR negativity than ER high cases [ 7 8 9 14 16 ]. Our results are consistent with those of previous studies, as ER low tumors presented with more advanced pT, pN, and anatomic stages, higher histological grade and Ki-67, and negative/low PR and positive HER2 statuses than ER high tumors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, a recently updated ASCO/CAP guideline recommends that cases with 1%–10% tumor cell staining should be reported as ER-low positive (ER low ), with a comment explaining that there is limited data on the overall benefit of endocrine therapy, although these patients may benefit [ 6 ]. Approximately 2%−3% of breast cancers have been reported to be ER low , which are known to be heterogeneous in terms of their biological behavior and clinicopathological characteristics [ 7 8 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics and Prognosis of Estrogen Receptor Low-Positive Breast Cancer

et al. 2022

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Purpose The updated American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists guideline for estrogen receptor (ER) testing recommends that breast cancer with ER expression in 1–10% of tumor cells should be reported as ER-low positive (ER low ), although limited data are available on the overall benefits of endocrine therapy. We investigated the clinicopathological characteristics and clinical outcomes of ER low breast cancer and to compare them with those of ER-negative (ER neg ) and ER-high (> 10% of tumor cells, ER high ) breast cancers. Methods Consecutive patients with invasive breast cancer who underwent curative surgery between November 2007 and December 2014 were included. Clinicopathological characteristics and disease-free survival (DFS) of ER low tumors were compared with those of ER neg and ER high tumors. Results Of the 2,309 cases included, 46 (2%), 643 (27.8%), and 1,620 (70.2%) were ER low , ER neg , and ER high , respectively. ER low tumors were associated with no special type of histology ( p = 0.011), advanced pT ( p = 0.017), pN ( p = 0.009) and anatomic stages ( p < 0.001), high grade ( p < 0.001), negative/low progesterone receptor (PR) status ( p < 0.001), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positivity ( p < 0.001), high Ki-67 ( p < 0.001), and recurrence ( p = 0.006) compared to ER high tumors. DFS was significantly dependent on ER status, and ER low tumors showed poorer DFS than ER high tumors ( p = 0.001), however, there was no significant survival difference between ER low and ER neg tumors. Furthermore, DFS in ER high patients was affected by hormone therapy ( p < 0.001), while it was not affected in ER low patients. Conclusion Patients with ER low breast cancer have clinicopathological characteristics that differ from those with ER high tumors. Although this study was limited by the small sample size of the ER low group, no benefit from hormone therapy was observed in the ER low group compared with the ER high group.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characteristics and Prognosis of Estrogen Receptor Low-Positive Breast Cancer

et al. 2022

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Rat Models of Hormone Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer

Nicotra,

Lutz,

Messal

et al. 2024

J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia

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Hormone receptor-positive (HR+) breast cancer (BC) is the most common type of breast cancer among women worldwide, accounting for 70–80% of all invasive cases. Patients with HR+ BC are commonly treated with endocrine therapy, but intrinsic or acquired resistance is a frequent problem, making HR+ BC a focal point of intense research. Despite this, the malignancy still lacks adequate in vitro and in vivo models for the study of its initiation and progression as well as response and resistance to endocrine therapy. No mouse models that fully mimic the human disease are available, however rat mammary tumor models pose a promising alternative to overcome this limitation. Compared to mice, rats are more similar to humans in terms of mammary gland architecture, ductal origin of neoplastic lesions and hormone dependency status. Moreover, rats can develop spontaneous or induced mammary tumors that resemble human HR+ BC. To date, six different types of rat models of HR+ BC have been established. These include the spontaneous, carcinogen-induced, transplantation, hormone-induced, radiation-induced and genetically engineered rat mammary tumor models. Each model has distinct advantages, disadvantages and utility for studying HR+ BC. This review provides a comprehensive overview of all published models to date.

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Impact of prolactin treatment on enhancing the cellular responses of MCF7 breast cancer cells to tamoxifen treatment

Shams

2024

Discov Onc

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Breast cancer remains one of the most challenging diseases to treat due to its heterogeneity, propensity to recur, capacity to spread to distant vital organs, and, ultimately, patient death. Estrogen receptor-positive illness comprises the most common breast cancer subtype. Preclinical progress is hampered by the scarcity of medication-naïve estrogen receptor-positive tumour models that recapitulate metastatic development and treatment resistance. It is becoming increasingly clear that loss of differentiation and increased cellular stemness and plasticity are important causes of cancer evolution, heterogeneity, recurrence, metastasis, and treatment failure. Therefore, it has been suggested that reprogramming cancer cell differentiation could offer an effective method of reversing cancer through terminal differentiation and maturation. In this context, the hormone prolactin is well recognized for its pivotal involvement in the development of the mammary glands lobuloalveolar tissue and the terminal differentiation that drives the production of the milk protein gene and lactation. Additionally, numerous studies have examined the engagement of prolactin in breast cancer as a differentiation player that resulted in the ablation of tumour growth and progression. Here, we showed that a pre-treatment of the estrogen-positive breast cancer cell line with prolactin led to a considerable improvement in the sensitivity of this cancer cell to Tamoxifen endocrine therapy. We also showed a favourable prognostic value of prolactin receptors/estrogen receptors 1 (or alpha) co-expression on breast cancer patients outcomes, and this co-expression is highly correlated with the well-differentiated breast tumour type. Our results revealed a fruitful aspect of the effects of prolactin in improving the responses of breast cancer cells to conventional endocrine therapy. Moreover, these findings further validated the ability of prolactin as a persuader of a more differentiated and less aggressive breast cancer phenotype. Hence, it suggested a potential implication of prolactin as a therapeutic candidate. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12672-024-01701-x.

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Effect of Estrogen Receptor Expression Level and Hormonal Therapy on Prognosis of Early Breast Cancer

Cited by 19 publications

References 25 publications

Characteristics and Prognosis of Estrogen Receptor Low-Positive Breast Cancer

Characteristics and Prognosis of Estrogen Receptor Low-Positive Breast Cancer

Rat Models of Hormone Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer

Impact of prolactin treatment on enhancing the cellular responses of MCF7 breast cancer cells to tamoxifen treatment

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