Effect of estrogen status on bone regulating hormones

Žofková, I; Kancheva, Radmila

doi:10.1016/8756-3282(96)00173-1

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The most plausible explanation for this is that sex steroid deficiency resulted directly in a stimulation of bone resorption, with a consequent flux of calcium from the skeleton. This, in turn, resulted in a suppression of PTH secretion, as has previously been shown to occur in early postmenopausal women following either a natural menopause or oophorectomy (33)(34)(35)(36). Consistent with this, there was a small, but statistically significant, increase in serum calcium levels that accompanied the increase in bone resorption markers in the subjects in Group A.…”

Section: Figuresupporting

confidence: 69%

Relative contributions of testosterone and estrogen in regulating bone resorption and formation in normal elderly men

et al. 2000

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IntroductionWhile the role of estrogen (E) in regulating bone metabolism in women is well established, the relative contributions of E versus testosterone (T) in regulating bone turnover in men remain unclear. Since T is the dominant sex steroid secreted in men, the traditional belief has been that E is the major sex steroid regulating bone metabolism in women and T is the major sex steroid regulating bone metabolism in men. This concept has been challenged, however, by the description of several "experiments of nature." A male carrying homozygous mutations in the E receptor-α (ER-α) gene (who was unable to respond to E) (1) and two males with homozygous mutations in the aromatase gene (who were unable to synthesize E) (2-4) had osteopenia, unfused epiphyses, and elevated indices of bone turnover. Moreover, E therapy in the two aromatasedeficient males corrected these abnormalities (3-5).These reports have led to a reconsideration of the possible role of E in regulating the male skeleton, although several questions remain. The major unresolved issue is whether E acts on the male skeleton mainly to enhance bone mass during growth and maturation, or whether it also acts to retard bone loss in aging individuals. Thus, since the ER-α mutant and aromatase-deficient males had immature skeletons, it is possible that E primarily plays a role in determining skeletal modeling and the acquisition of peak bone mass, but not in regulating bone turnover (and hence, bone loss) in aging men.Several cross-sectional observational studies (6-10) have attempted to address this issue by relating bone mineral density (BMD) to sex steroids in elderly men. In these studies, E (and in particular, the bioavailable or non-sex hormone binding globulin [non-SHBG] bound fraction) did correlate better with BMD than T. However, since both T and E levels are correlated with each other (7), these observational data could not conclusively separate the relative contributions of each to skeletal metabolism in elderly men. In addition, since BMD in elderly men is a function both of peak bone mass and bone loss with aging, they also could not dissociate the effects of E on the acquisition of peak bone mass in early adulthood from its effects on continued bone loss later in life.In addition to its intrinsic importance for our understanding of skeletal physiology, this issue also has significant practical implications. Thus, while men lack the rapid phase of bone loss present at menopause in women, they lose substantial amounts of bone with aging (11)(12)(13)(14). In addition, population-based studies have shown that bone resorption increases with age in Young adult males who cannot produce or respond to estrogen (E) are osteopenic, suggesting that E may regulate bone turnover in men, as well as in women. Both bioavailable E and testosterone (T) decrease substantially in aging men, but it is unclear which deficiency is the more important factor contributing to the increased bone resorption and impaired bone formation that leads to their bone loss. Thus...

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Section: Figuresupporting

confidence: 69%

Relative contributions of testosterone and estrogen in regulating bone resorption and formation in normal elderly men

et al. 2000

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“…There have been previous studies investigating the effect of premenopausal estrogen/progestagen on the concentrations of total 1,25(OH) 2 D and DBP, but these results were ambiguous. An increase in total 1,25(OH) 2 D (13, 14) has been reported, though others found no such effect (15). Most, but not all (14), studies report an increase in the concentration of DBP (2,13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…An increase in total 1,25(OH) 2 D has been found (8,13,14), but also no increase (15). Only two studies investigated the free index and found it to remain constant (8,13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between free and total 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in conditions of modified binding

Hoof¹,

Sévaux

Baelen

et al. 2001

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Objective: A novel assay was employed to study the free 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH) 2 D) concentrations in various populations with different levels of 1,25(OH) 2 D and vitamin D binding protein (DBP). Design: In 12 healthy women before and after 3 months of oral estrogen/progestagen treatment, 10 pregnant women, and 16 patients with a nephrotic syndrome and normal renal function, the concentrations of total and free 1,25(OH) 2 D, DBP and albumin were assessed. Methods: The total concentration of 1,25(OH) 2 D in serum was assessed using a radioreceptor assay. The free fraction of 1,25(OH) 2 D was measured using symmetric dialysis. DBP was assessed using single radial immunodiffusion. Serum albumin concentrations were measured on an automated analyzer. Results: In healthy women, the concentrations of total 1,25(OH) 2 D, free 1,25(OH) 2 D and DBP were 132^19 pmolalY 92^30 fmolal and 5X59^0X43 mmolalX After 3 months of estrogen/progestagen treatment, total 1,25(OH) 2 D and DBP levels rose significantly to 175^51 pmolal and 8X321 X59 mmolal P # 0X05 and P # 0X001; the free 1,25(OH) 2 D remained unchanged 1053 9 fmolal; not significant). Pregnant women had significantly higher levels of total 1,25(OH) 2 D and DBP 239^68 pmolal and 11X32^1X77 mmolal; both P # 0X001; the free 1,25(OH) 2 D level, however, was not different 104^27 fmolal; not significant). Unexpectedly, in patients with nephrotic syndrome, no lower DBP levels were found 5X36^0X84 mmolal relative to that in controls. Despite this, levels of both total 69^26 pmolalY P # 0X001 and free 1,25(OH) 2 D 532 8 fmolal; P # 0X001 were significantly lower than in controls. Albumin levels were lowered from 628^38 mmolal to 300^84 mmolal (P # 0.001). Conclusions: Higher estrogen levels result in higher DBP levels, with a parallel rise in total 1,25(OH) 2 D levels but without a change in the biologically active free fraction. The results in patients with nephrotic syndrome show that, with increasing glomerular protein leakage, the free 1,25(OH) 2 D concentration cannot be maintained.

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“…Również Ikeda i wsp. donoszą, że ani stosowanie MHT, ani menopauza nie wpływają na stężenia analizowanych pierwiastków, a stężenie Mg i Zn w moczu nie zmienia się znacząco w ciągu całego życia kobiet [19].…”

Section: Dyskusjaunclassified

Serum magnesium and zinc levels in postmenopausal women depending on their menopausal status and the severity of climacteric symptoms

Grochans¹,

Karakiewicz²,

Brodowski³

et al. 2013

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StreszczenieWstęp: Magnez (Mg) i cynk (Zn) mogą wpływać na występowanie i nasilenie objawów wypadowych u kobiet po menopauzie.Cel pracy: Celem badań była ocena stężenia Mg i Zn w surowicy u kobiet po menopauzie w zależności od nasilenia objawów wypadowych oraz czasu, który upłynął od ostatniej miesiączki.Materiał i metody: Badaniem objęto 161 kobiet w wieku pomenopauzalnym, którym oznaczono stężenie Mg i Zn w surowicy krwi żylnej. Średnia wieku badanych kobiet wynosiła 56 ± 4 lata. Kobiety te nie stosowały menopauzalnej terapii hormonalnej (MHT), a ostatnia miesiączka wystąpiła u nich minimum rok przed włączeniem do badania. Badane kobiety były zdrowe, nie stosowały diet eliminacyjnych.Wyniki: U badanych kobiet zdiagnozowano hypomagnezemię i hypocynkemię. Analiza danych wykazała istotne statystycznie różnice pomiędzy stężeniem Mg w zależności od czasu, jaki upłynął od ostatniej miesiączki (p < 0,05). Najniższe średnie stężenie Mg wykazano w surowicy kobiet, u których menopauza wystąpiła ponad 10 lat wcześniej. Nie stwierdzono istotnych statystycznie zmian w zależności od nasilenia objawów klimakterium (p > 0,05).Wnioski: 1. U kobiet po menopauzie, niestosujących MHT stężenie Mg i Zn w surowicy utrzymuje się na niskim poziomie, a dodatkowo, średnie stężenie Mg zmniejsza się istotnie wraz z upływem czasu od ostatniej miesiączki. 2. Stężenie Mg i Zn w surowicy nie wpływa na nasilenie objawów wypadowych u kobiet po menopauzie niestosujących MHT. Słowa kluczowe: menopauza, objawy wypadowe, Mg, Zn, hipomagnezemia, hipocynkemia. SummaryBackground: Magnesium (Mg) and zinc (Zn) may affect the incidence and severity of climacteric symptoms in postmenopausal women.Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess serum Mg and Zn levels in postmenopausal women, depending on the severity of climacteric symptoms and the time interval since the last menstrual period.

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Effect of estrogen status on bone regulating hormones

Cited by 18 publications

References 47 publications

Relative contributions of testosterone and estrogen in regulating bone resorption and formation in normal elderly men

Relative contributions of testosterone and estrogen in regulating bone resorption and formation in normal elderly men

Relationship between free and total 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in conditions of modified binding

Serum magnesium and zinc levels in postmenopausal women depending on their menopausal status and the severity of climacteric symptoms

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