Effect of Europium Addition on the Microstructure and Dielectric Properties of CCTO Ceramic Prepared Using Conventional and Microwave Sintering

Abstract

In this work, Eu2O3-doped (CaCu3Ti4O12)x of low dielectric loss have been fabricated using both conventional (CS) and microwave sintering (MWS), where x = Eu2O3 = 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3, respectively. According to X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) reports, increasing the concentration of Eu3+ in the CCTO lattice causes the grain size of the MWS samples to increase and vice versa for CS. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) delineated the binding energies and charge states of the Cu2+/Cu+ and Ti4+/Ti3+ transition ions. Energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis revealed no Cu-rich phase along the grain boundaries that directly impacts the dielectric properties. The dielectric characteristics, which include dielectric constant (ε) and the loss (tan δ), were examined using broadband dielectric spectrometer (BDS) from 10 to 107 Hz at ambient temperature. The dielectric constant was >104 and >102 for CS and MWS samples at x > 0.1, respectively, with the low loss being constant even at high frequencies due to the effective suppression of tan δ by Eu3+. This ceramic of low dielectric loss has potential for commercial applications at comparatively high frequencies.

Dielectric and Optical Properties of Eux(Bi1-x)Sr2CaCu2O6.5 (x=0.3 and 1) Samples

“…The variation the dielectric properties of the material by changing its stoichiometric ratio or elements in the materials make the material interesting for scientist. In the literature, dielectric properties of some materials doped with europium such as europium trioxide doped lead boro-tellurite glasses [1], (Eu,Ca)Cu 3 Ti 4 O 12 ceramics [2], Eu 2 O 3 -doped calcium copper titanium oxide samples [3] having with giant and positive real dielectric constant were investigated by researchers. Z.Güven Özdemir and her research group were studied dielectric properties of Eu x (Bi 1-x )Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 6.5 ceramics (where x=0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7) between 1 Hz and 40 MHz from room temperature to 433 K for the first time [4,5].…”

Effect of High-Entropy Spinel Ferrite (Mn0.2Zr0.2Cu0.2Ca0.2Ni0.2)Fe2O4 Doping Concentration on the Ferroelectric Properties of PVDF-Based Polymers

“…Compared with common energy storage devices, such as lithium-ion batteries, supercapacitors, and electrochemical storage, dielectric capacitors have the advantages of a high power density, light mass, easy preparation, low price, and high operating voltage. They are widely used in new energy vehicles, flexible wearable electronic devices, power inverters, aerospace, pulsed military weapons, electronic medical devices, and other fields [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ].…”

The Effect of Lithium Doping on the Dielectric Properties of Solid Solutions LixCa(1−x)Cu3Ti4O12 (x = 0.01–0.1)

“…One of the most effective ways to do so is the CCTO structure element doping with various cations and anions [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28], since the dielectric properties of CCTO-based ceramic depend strongly on the nature, amount, and the method of addition of the dopants. Usually, the additives can be divided into donor and acceptor.…”