Effect of exercise training, selenium and vitamin E on some free radical scavengers in horses (Equus caballus)

Avellini, Luca; Chiaradia, Elisabetta; Gaiti, Alberto

doi:10.1016/s0305-0491(99)00045-0

Cited by 92 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] Ischemia/Reperfusion Syndrome An isometric muscle contraction accompanied by an elevation of muscular pressure, consequent upon vascular occlusion, can induce a state of relative ischemia in an extremity. Such elevations compress and may even occlude the arteries if the pressure becomes fairly high.…”

Section: Why Free Radical Scavengers?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…32 During immobilization, the negative protein balance that leads to muscle atrophy is primarily a result of a decline in the rate of protein synthesis (which compromises repair) and not of an increase in the rate of regulated protein degradation. 32 Moreover, when the damage progresses, the muscle fibers release bound transition metals such as myoglobin iron, which catalyse some of these oxidative processes and further accelerate atrophy. 29 Hudson and Franklin stressed the importance of free radicals in muscle disuse atrophy.…”

Section: Disuse Phenomenonmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Free radical scavengers are more effective than indomethacin in the prevention of experimentally induced heterotopic ossification

Bossche

Maele

Wojtowicz

et al. 2006

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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The pathogenesis of heterotopic ossification is still unclear and the preventive therapies are usually insufficient. The present study was designed to investigate the possible preventive effect of free radical scavengers on the development of experimentally induced heterotopic ossification in a rabbit model and to compare free radical scavengers with indomethacin to determine whether they act synergistically. A standard immobilization-manipulation model was used to induce heterotopical ossification in the hind legs of 40 1-year-old female New Zealand albino rabbits. The animals were divided into four groups and received daily either placebo, a free radical scavenger cocktail [allopurinol and N-acetylcysteine (A/A)], indomethacin or the combination of A/A and indomethacin in a randomized double-blind fashion. Every 4 days an X-ray was taken and the thickness and length of new bone formation was measured at the thigh. A marked statistically significant difference was found between the four groups. In the groups that received A/A, either alone or combined with indomethacin, an inhibition of bone growth, both in thickness and in length was demonstrated. In this experimental model free radical scavengers had a superior inhibitory effect on heterotopic ossification than indomethacin. Free radicals could play an important role in the pathogenesis of heterotopic ossification. ß

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Section: Why Free Radical Scavengers?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Disuse Phenomenonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free radical scavengers are more effective than indomethacin in the prevention of experimentally induced heterotopic ossification

Bossche

Maele

Wojtowicz

et al. 2006

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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“…The main findings of the study were that physical exercise increases lipid peroxidation in the liver, and that high levels of α-tocopherol in the liver reduce hepatic oxidative damage. Exercise also lowered α-tocopherol concentrations in the liver, which could be attributed to a higher demand for antioxidants and mobilization of α-tocopherol from tissues to the blood [12,23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Moreover, α-tocopherol reduces chromosomal damage induced by free radicals and activates endonucleases to increase the rate of DNA repair [11]. Avellini et al [12], Sacheck et al [13] and Jardão et al [14] demonstrated that tocopherol's ability to reduce oxidative stress is determined by its dose, and that the highest dose is most effective in both humans and animals. The liver is an important organ for α-tocopherol metabolism because it is responsible for maintaining normal plasma levels of α-tocopherol [15].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Alpha-Tocopherol May Protect Hepatocytes Against Oxidative Damage Induced by Endurance Training in Growing Organisms

et al. 2016

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“…These data suggest that horses are at risk of oxidative stress during exercise (Kinnunen et al 2005). Skeletal muscle may be especially susceptible to oxidative damage, as it seems to have lower levels of antioxidants than do other tissues (Avellini et al 1999). Although it is clear that equine athletes exhibit a high demand for antioxidants, the benefit of vitamin supplementation on the metabolism of these animals is not thoroughly understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative metabolism and muscle biochemical profile of polo horses supplemented with an ADE vitamin complex

et al. 2013

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Pesq. Vet. Bras. 33(Supl.1):58-62, dezembro 2013 58 RESUMO.-[Metabolismo oxidativo e perfil bioquími-co muscular de cavalos de pólo suplementados com complexo vitamínico ADE.] O jogo de pólo se caracteriza por mudanças abruptas e frequentes na intensidade do exercício dos cavalos. Para satisfazer esta demanda inconstante de energia, os animais utilizam as vias aeróbia e anaeróbia em proporções e intensidade variáveis. Neste contexto deve haver equilíbrio entre a formação das espé-cies reativas de oxigênio (EROs) e a ação das substâncias antioxidantes a fim de evitar o estresse oxidativo e suas consequências. Avaliou-se o efeito da suplementação com vitaminas ADE no metabolismo oxidativo destes animais. Para tanto, 18 equinos mestiços foram distribuídos aleatoriamente em dois grupos: tratado e controle (GT) e controle (GC).Os animais do GT receberam complexo vitamínico ADE (1 mL/50 kg de peso vivo) pela via intramuscular Horses used for the game of polo experience abrupt and frequent changes in exercise intensity. To meet this variable energy demand, the horses use both aerobic and anaerobic pathways in varying proportions and intensities. In this context, there must be a balance between the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the action of antioxidants to prevent oxidative stress and its consequences. The effect of supplementation with an ADE vitamin complex on oxidative metabolism was evaluated in 18 crossbred horses randomly divided between a treated group (TG) and a control group (CG). The TG animals received the ADE vitamin complex (1mL/50 kg of body weight) by deep intramuscular injection at 30 and 15 days before the game. The CG horses received 10ml of saline by the same administration route and schedule. During the polo match, the animals played for a total of 7.5 min. Blood samples were collected on the same days as the treatments were administered, and immediately before and at 15, 90 and 180 minutes after the game. The concentrations of creatine phosphokinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), lactate, glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in the blood samples. After the game, the TG demonstrated higher levels of AST, lactate and glucose than the CG, suggesting more efficient energy use by the treated animals. The higher GSH and lower lactate levels in the TG before the game suggest the presence of a greater antioxidant supply in the treated animals. The maintenance of the MDA levels indicates that neither of the groups exhibited oxidative stress.

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Effect of exercise training, selenium and vitamin E on some free radical scavengers in horses (Equus caballus)

Cited by 92 publications

References 29 publications

Free radical scavengers are more effective than indomethacin in the prevention of experimentally induced heterotopic ossification

Free radical scavengers are more effective than indomethacin in the prevention of experimentally induced heterotopic ossification

Alpha-Tocopherol May Protect Hepatocytes Against Oxidative Damage Induced by Endurance Training in Growing Organisms

Oxidative metabolism and muscle biochemical profile of polo horses supplemented with an ADE vitamin complex

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