Effect of Exogenous Abscisic Acid (ABA), Gibberellic Acid (GA3) and Cluster Thinning on Yield of some Grape Cultivars

Abstract

Experiment was carried out throughout two successive seasons of 2016 and 2017 on Flame Seedless, Ruby Seedless and Thompson Seedless grapevines grown at the Experimental Orchard of Assiut University, Faculty of Agriculture. The aim of this study was to assess the impacts of abscisic acid (ABA), cluster thinning and their combinations with GA 3 on yield weight of three important grape cultivars grown under hot region. Data revealed that, the application of abscisic acid (ABA) increased yield weight (kg/vine), while cluster thinning decreased it. During the 1 st season of study (2016), all individual ABA treatments and ABA at 400 ppm combined with GA 3 at 10 ppm significantly increased yield weight (kg/vine) comparing with the control treatment. As a result of ABA treatments at 200, 400 and 600 ppm and ABA at 400 ppm plus GA 3 at 10 ppm, the yield was increased by 15.5%, 10.5%, 9.8% and 9.2%, respectively. During the 2nd season of study (2017), only ABA at 600 ppm treatment significantly surpassed the control treatment with an increment percentage of 20.5%. The rest of treatments either had no effect or reduced the yield weight comparing with the control. On the other side, cluster thinning by removing 30% of the total clusters that the vine bearing significantly reduced the yield weight (kg/vine) during the two studied seasons. As a result of such treatment, the yield was reduced by 37.2% and 39.2% in 2016 and 2017 seasons, respectively.

Exogenous Pre-harvest Application of Abscisic and Jasmonic Acids Improves Fruit Quality by Enhancing Sugar Synthesis and Reducing Acidity in Pomegranate (Punica granatum L. cv. Wonderful)

“…5 Correlation matrix between some plant traits. FW, fruit weight; FL, fruit length; FD, fruit diameter; AW, aril weight; PW, peel weight; TSS, total soluble solids; TA, total acidity; TSS/TA, total soluble solids/acid ratio; pH, pH; AI, anthocyanin index fruits as a result of the application of ABA (Mohamed et al 2019). However, ABA has not been elucidated to directly affect the fruit dimensions but rather to maintain cell turgor pressure, which increases the available water that could be used to raise the photosynthetic capacity and carbohydrate distribution in fruit (Farag et al 2018).…”

Exogenous Abscisic Acid Mediates Berry Quality Improvement by Altered Endogenous Plant Hormones Level in “Ruiduhongyu” Grapevine

“…In recent decades, many studies had demonstrated that using exogenous harmless substances could be a feasible strategy to significantly improve fruit quality, including exogenous plant hormones, plant growth regulators, amino acids, and antioxidants (Cai et al, 2014;Raza et al, 2014). For example, 400 mg/L exogenous ABA sprayed on grapevine at the veraison stage could promote the coloration of pericarp (Shahab et al, 2019), and 400 and 600 mg/L ABA treatment on grapevine significantly contributed to grape yield promotion (Mohamed et al, 2019).…”

Improving Fruit Quality of Crimson Seedless by Ethephon and Abscisic Acid Foliar Applications Using Three Machine Types

“…In general, cluster weight increased whenever increasing the concentration of the spring materials .The interaction pointed out that the significant highest values were observed by three machine type under 2000ppm and 1000ppm of Ethephon and abscisic acid in the two seasons. The increase of cluster weight was closely correlated with water accumulation in the berries due to ABA application (Mohamed et al, 2019).…”

“…The increase of weight of 100 berries because the ability of ABA to close the stomata on the berry surface Which varies his number among grape cultivars, but the average of stomata number was found to be 16 (Nakagawa et al, 1980), subsequently decrease the transpiration rate and reflected on the increase, of water accumulation in berries. Transpiration of the grape berry was happened from anthesis until the fruit maturation (Mohamed, et al, 2019).…”