Abstract:Background
Superovulation treatment had some adverse effects on maturity and development of oocytes. Can superovulation dose of gonadotropins (Gns) affect the transcriptome of granulosa cells and follicular fluid (FF) hormone levels?
Methods
One leading pre-ovulatory follicle per subject was used from three natural-cycle and four Gn-stimulated patients. Granulosa cells and FF samples were collected from the same leading follicle of each patient. RNA was extracted from g… Show more
“…Even fragmentation of ≤ 20% presented with similar OR when compared with fragmentation > 20%. When compared with NC follicles, putative markers associated with oocyte quality and follicle maturation were significantly different from those in gonadotropin-stimulated follicles [21]. Therefore, it is unclear whether the results of our study apply to embryos derived from COS, although similar findings are observed in the previous COS-IVF studies [22,23].…”
The aim of this study is to assess the effect of the endometrial thickness and embryo quality on the implantation potential in natural cycle IVF (NC-IVF). Methods A retrospective single-center study was performed on 552 single embryo transfers after NC-IVF. The 'quality' of the embryos was evaluated trough the number and regularity of blastomeres, degree of fragmentation, and nuclear content of cells. Endometrial thickness was measured in millimeters with transvaginal ultrasound on the day of hCG application. Results Our findings showed a statistically significant difference in successful implantation until a plateau of 10 mm is reached (p = 0.001). Only one pregnancy was achieved where endometrial thickness was less than 7 mm, and this resulted in an early miscarriage. The predictors of favorable implantation were fragmentation (≤ 10%, p < 0.05) and the number of blastomeres (preferably 8-cell, p < 0.01) on day 3. Embryo quality (R = 0.052) and endometrial thickness (R = 0.18) were closely related to pregnancy rate. The overall implantation rate per embryo transfer was 18.8%. Conclusions Embryo quality and endometrial thickness have a significant impact on implantation in NC-IVF. Highest implantation potential has an 8-cell embryo with ≤ 10% fragmentation in the third day following oocyte retrieval. Endometrial thickness of at least 7 mm seems to be the optimal edge of successful pregnancy.
“…Even fragmentation of ≤ 20% presented with similar OR when compared with fragmentation > 20%. When compared with NC follicles, putative markers associated with oocyte quality and follicle maturation were significantly different from those in gonadotropin-stimulated follicles [21]. Therefore, it is unclear whether the results of our study apply to embryos derived from COS, although similar findings are observed in the previous COS-IVF studies [22,23].…”
The aim of this study is to assess the effect of the endometrial thickness and embryo quality on the implantation potential in natural cycle IVF (NC-IVF). Methods A retrospective single-center study was performed on 552 single embryo transfers after NC-IVF. The 'quality' of the embryos was evaluated trough the number and regularity of blastomeres, degree of fragmentation, and nuclear content of cells. Endometrial thickness was measured in millimeters with transvaginal ultrasound on the day of hCG application. Results Our findings showed a statistically significant difference in successful implantation until a plateau of 10 mm is reached (p = 0.001). Only one pregnancy was achieved where endometrial thickness was less than 7 mm, and this resulted in an early miscarriage. The predictors of favorable implantation were fragmentation (≤ 10%, p < 0.05) and the number of blastomeres (preferably 8-cell, p < 0.01) on day 3. Embryo quality (R = 0.052) and endometrial thickness (R = 0.18) were closely related to pregnancy rate. The overall implantation rate per embryo transfer was 18.8%. Conclusions Embryo quality and endometrial thickness have a significant impact on implantation in NC-IVF. Highest implantation potential has an 8-cell embryo with ≤ 10% fragmentation in the third day following oocyte retrieval. Endometrial thickness of at least 7 mm seems to be the optimal edge of successful pregnancy.
“…Furthermore, for POR women %35 years, the live birth rates per complete cycle of mild stimulation were higher. The effectiveness of mild stimulation in women %35 years may be due to avoiding disturbances on oocyte quality by high gonadotropin dose (20). Previous studies have reported that the live birth rates for POR is independent of controlled ovarian stimulation protocols (21), and that mild protocol leads to live birth rates in POR patients that are comparable to conventional protocols (22)(23)(24).…”
Objective: To investigate whether the cumulative clinical pregnancy rates (CCPR) and cumulative live birth rates (CLBR) increase as the oocyte retrieval cycle increases in women with poor ovarian response. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Not applicable. Patient(s): Women diagnosed of poor ovarian response (POR) according to the Bologna criteria and who completed in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles between January 2014 and December 2018. Intervention(s): Not applicable. Main Outcome Measure(s): The conservative and optimistic estimations of CCPR and CLBR. Result(s):The conservative and optimistic estimates of CCPR peaked at the 6th complete cycle, reaching 36.44% and 71.61%, respectively. However, the conservative and optimistic estimates of CLBR peaked at the 4th complete cycle, reaching 20.22% and 38.31%, respectively. The live birth rate per complete cycle of mild stimulation protocol was comparable to other protocols after adjusting for the confounding factors. For patients %35 years, the live birth rate per complete cycle of progestin-primed ovarian stimulation (adjusted odds ratio ¼ 0.51, 95% confidence interval: 0.30-0.87) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist protocol (adjusted odds ratio¼0.45, 95% confidence interval: 0.24-0.81) were significantly lower than that of the mild stimulation.
Conclusion(s):It is not advisable to initiate more than four complete cycles for POR patients since CLBR do not increase after that. For POR patients %35 years, the live birth rate per complete cycle increased in women with mild stimulation protocol.
“…Nowadays, as an indispensable medicine for ovarian stimulation in the ART practice, exogenous Gn is used to promote follicular growth via its influence on the cross-talking among the oocyte, granulosa cell and FF. Gn dose is the main difference in our two protocols, but the effect of this difference on the oocyte development and the mechanism underlying which it affects the oocyte development remain unclear although Lu et al showed that Gn stimulation may potentially induce meiotic errors of human oocytes through analyzing the transcriptome of the granulosa cell after natural and Gn stimulation cycles [ 29 ]. Fig.…”
Background
Both mild and conventional controlled ovarian stimulation are the frequently used protocols for poor ovarian responders. However, there are some debates about which treatment is better. Moreover, little is known about the follicular physiology after the two ovarian stimulation protocols. This study was intended to investigate the features in granulosa cells and follicular fluid micro-environment after the two different ovarian stimulation protocols in poor responders.
Methods
Granulosa cells RNA were sequenced using Illumina Hiseq technology. Specific differently expressed genes and proteins were verified by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot analysis. Moreover, hormone and cytokine concentrations in the follicular fluid were measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay and enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay. The correlation between the results of molecular experiments and the laboratory outcomes were analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis.
Results
The differentially expressed genes between the two groups were involved in 4 signaling pathways related to the follicular development; three proteins pertinent to the TGF-β signaling pathway were expressed differently in granulosa cells between the two, and the constituents in the follicular fluid were also different. Further, a correlation between the TGF-β signaling pathway and the good-quality embryo was observed.
Conclusions
The present study made a comparison for the first time in the transcriptome of human granulosa cells and the follicular fluid micro-environment between poor responders with the conventional controlled ovarian stimulation or the mild ovarian stimulation, showing that the TGF-β signaling pathway may correlate with the good-quality of embryos in the mild group, which may be instrumental to the choice of optimal management for IVF patients.
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