Effect of experimental diabetes on the development and maintenance of vulvovaginal candidiasis in female rats

Carrara, Márcia Aparecida; Bazotte, Roberto Barbosa; Donatti, Lucélia; Svidzinski, Terezinha Inez Estivalet; Consolaro, Márcia Edilaine Lopes; Patussi, Eliana Valéria; Batista, Márcia Regina

doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2009.01.011

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…These findings may be a consequence of susceptibility to other infections such as bacterial vaginitis in diabetic-positive patients (Rahman et al 1991), in whom the risk of VVC may be reduced due to the production of bacterial toxins, competition for available energy resources, micro nutrients and mucosal binding sites (McClelland et al 2009). Moreover, according to Carrara et al (2009), diabetes condition alters immune response and vaginal epithelium, With regard to the species prevalence among women with VVC, it was found, in the present study, that 48Á78% of all symptomatic women had this infection, which is almost two times higher than that reported by a different study (Ahmad and Khan 2009). This result is in agreement with what has been described by other authors which reinforces that clinical signs alone are not enough for the diagnosis of VVC (Taylor et al 2013;Olowe et al 2014).…”

Section: Signs and Symptomscontrasting

confidence: 50%

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Prevalence and antifungal susceptibility of Candida species among pregnant women attending a school maternity at Natal, Brazil

Brandão

Boniek

Stoianoff

et al. 2018

Lett Appl Microbiol

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Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a problem that affects a significant number of pregnant women worldwide. This type of fungal infection generates great discomfort due to the symptomatology and difficulties of diagnosis and treatment. In view of the scarcity of data in the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, regarding studies carried out on fungal populations of the genus Candida associated with VVC in pregnant women, this study considered relevant, the phenotypic and genotypic identification of the species, to estimate the prevalence, to determine their susceptibility to the antifungal and to correlate with signs and symptoms.

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Section: Signs and Symptomscontrasting

confidence: 50%

“…Moreover, according to Carrara et al . (), diabetes condition alters immune response and vaginal epithelium, facilitating the development and maintenance of VVC in experimental models with mouse.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and antifungal susceptibility of Candida species among pregnant women attending a school maternity at Natal, Brazil

Brandão

Boniek

Stoianoff

et al. 2018

Lett Appl Microbiol

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“…Rarefaction analysis found that the RIF group had the lowest microbial diversity of the three groups, suggesting a healthy vaginal microbiota in the RIF group (Lokken, Richardson et al 2019). We posit that through TNF-α-driven systemic insulin resistance, gut dysbiosis in the RIF group causes hyperglycemia and consequently increases glycogen levels in the vaginal epithelium, which is required for the maintenance of healthy microbiota (Carrara, Bazotte et al 2009, Amabebe and Anumba 2018). Alternatively, adipose tissue-driven rise in peripheral estrogen may increase the glycogen content of vaginal epithelial cells (Lokken, Richardson et al 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct gut and vaginal microbiota profile in women with Recurrent Implantation Failure and Unexplained Infertility

Patel¹,

Patel

Pal³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Implantation failure limits the success rate of natural and in vitro fertilization (IVF)-assisted conceptions. Evidence suggests dysbiosis in the female reproductive tract impacts implantation failure. However, whether gut dysbiosis influences implantation failure and whether it accompanies reproductive tract dysbiosis remains unexplored. Method: We recruited 11fertile women as the controls, and a cohort of 20 women diagnosed with implantation-failure associated infertility, which included 10 women diagnosed with recurrent implantation failure (RIF), and 10 women diagnosed with unexplained infertility (UE). Using next-generation amplicon sequencing, we compared the diversity, structure, and composition of faecal and vaginal bacteria of the controls with that of the infertile cohort. While we sequenced faecal samples of all the participants (n=31), we could only sequence 8 vaginal samples in each group (n=24). Results: Compared with the controls, α-diversity of the gut bacteria, analysed by Chao 1 and Shannon indices, among the infertile groups declined (p < 0.05). β-diversity between the controls and infertile cohort, measured by both Bray-Curtis and Jaccard distances, differed significantly (p < 0.05). Taxa analysis of the gut bacteria revealed enrichment of Gram-positive bacteria, mainly of the phylum Firmicutes, in the RIF group. In contrast, Gram-negative bacteria were relatively more abundant in the UE group. Additionally, mucus-producing bacteria genera such as Prevotella and Sutterella declined in the infertile cohort (p < 0.05). Intriguingly, significant enrichment (p < 0.05) of the genus Hungatella, associated with trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) production, occurred in the infertile cohort. Vaginal microbiota was dominated by L. iners across the groups, with the UE group showing the highest levels. Of the three groups, the RIF group had the least diverse vaginal microbiota. Taxa analysis showed higher levels of anaerobic bacteria such as Leptotrichia, Snethia, and Prevotella in the controls. Conclusion: We posit that in the setting of the compromised gut mucosal barrier, the phyla Firmicutes generates TNF-α-driven systemic inflammation, leading to RIF, whereas an overload of Gram-negative bacteria induces IL-6-driven systemic inflammation, leading to UE. Additionally, Hungatella-induced elevation of TMAO levels causes platelet hypercoagulability, synergistically contributing to implantation failure. Finally, vaginal dysbiosis does not appear to co-occur with gut dysbiosis.

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“…Diabetes mellitus predisposes bacterial and fungal infections of urinary and genital systems 8–10 . Several cases have been reported with increased rates of asymptomatic vaginal carriage rates of yeast, including Candida species and incidence of symptomatic infection in diabetic women 11–18 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[8][9][10] Several cases have been reported with increased rates of asymptomatic vaginal carriage rates of yeast, including Candida species and incidence of symptomatic infection in diabetic women. [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Several factors were reported as the contributors of pathogenicity of Candida albicans. [19][20][21][22] Some investigators have recently suggested that the secretion of acid proteinase enzyme plays an important role in the pathogenicity of this micro-organism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorometric determination of acid proteinase activity in Candida albicans strains from diabetic patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis

Yıldırım

Kılıç

Kalkancı

2010

Mycoses

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Vulvovaginal candidiasis is one of the most frequent disorders in obstetrics and gynaecology. Approximately three-quarters of all adult women experience at least one episode of vulvovaginal candidiasis during their life span. Diabetes mellitus (DM) increases the rate of vaginal colonisation and infection with Candida species. The secreted acid proteinase might be especially relevant in the pathogenesis of vulvovaginal candidiasis. The aim of this study was to determine the acid proteinase activity in the samples of Candida albicans from diabetic patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis by a fluorometric method. Vaginal swabs were taken from 33 women (aged between 22 and 57 years) having symptoms of vaginitis. Patients were divided into three groups: control group, controlled diabetic group and uncontrolled diabetic group. The proteinase activity in the culture supernatants was determined by a modified fluorometric method. Acid proteinase activities were significantly increased in the uncontrolled diabetic group in comparison with both the control group and the controlled diabetic group (P< 0.05). Acid proteinase may play an important role in C. albicans pathogenesis in diabetic patients. Improving glucose control may reduce the risk of Candida colonisation and potentially symptomatic infection, among women with diabetes and hence may be useful even for weaker enzyme activity measurements.

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Effect of experimental diabetes on the development and maintenance of vulvovaginal candidiasis in female rats

Cited by 11 publications

References 8 publications

Prevalence and antifungal susceptibility of Candida species among pregnant women attending a school maternity at Natal, Brazil

Prevalence and antifungal susceptibility of Candida species among pregnant women attending a school maternity at Natal, Brazil

Distinct gut and vaginal microbiota profile in women with Recurrent Implantation Failure and Unexplained Infertility

Fluorometric determination of acid proteinase activity in Candida albicans strains from diabetic patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis

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