Effect of experimental orchiectomy on hippocampus of adult albino rat and the role of testosterone supplementation

Mohamed, Dalia A.; Elnegris, Heba M.

doi:10.1097/01.ehx.0000414775.48671.88

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The number of NF200-reactive neurons in orx rats was decreased in all tested areas of the brain except the occipital area. Similar results were reported previously in rats during testosterone deficiency suggesting the important role of testosterone in preventing AD [31]. Furthermore, disorders interrupting the secretion of testosterone may trigger apoptosis in neural tissue in either rat [32] or human brains [33].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Young Coconut Juice Reduces Some Histopathological Changes Associated with Alzheimer’s Disease through the Modulation of Estrogen Receptors in Orchidectomized Rat Brains

Balit

Abdel-Wahhab

Radenahmad

2019

Journal of Aging Research

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Propose. This study aimed to evaluate the protective role of young coconut juice (YCJ) against the pathological changes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) in orchidectomized (orx) rats. Methods and Results. Animals were divided into 7 groups including: baseline normal control group, sham control, orx rat group, orx rat group injected with 2.5 μg/kg b.w. estradiol benzoate (EB) 3 days a week for 10 weeks, and the orx rat groups treated orally with 10, 20, and 40 ml/kg b.w. of YCJ for 10 weeks. At the end of treatment period, animals were sacrificed and the brain of each rat was removed, fixed in 10% neutral formalin, and stained by specific antibodies against NF200, parvalbumin (PV), β-amyloid (Aβ), and estrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ). The results showed that the number of NF200- and PV-reactive neurons in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex was significantly reduced in orx rats. However, it restored to normal in orx rats injected with EB or those administrated with YCJ in a dose-related manner. Neurons containing β-amyloid (Aβ), a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), were found to be increased in the orx rats; however; they were reduced by EB injection or YCJ administration. These results suggested the binding of the YCJ active ingredient(s) with estrogen receptors (ERs) in the brain as indicated by the detection of ERα and ERβ in neurons since a significant correlation was detected between NF200-/PV-reactive neurons vs ERα-/ERβ-reactive neurons.Conclusion. It could be concluded that YCJ is effective as EB in reducing AD pathology, probably by being selective estrogen receptor modulators.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Young Coconut Juice Reduces Some Histopathological Changes Associated with Alzheimer’s Disease through the Modulation of Estrogen Receptors in Orchidectomized Rat Brains

Balit

Abdel-Wahhab

Radenahmad

2019

Journal of Aging Research

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“…In agreement with our findings, other studies demonstrated that a decrease in the level of testosterone had deleterious histological effects in the rat hippocampus. Testosterone replacement ameliorated these histological changes after orchiectomy [ 80 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gonadectomy reduces the density of androgen receptor-immunoreactive neurons in male rat’s hippocampus: testosterone replacement compensates it

et al. 2016

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Background In the present study, the role of gonadectomy on memory impairment and the density of androgen receptor-immunoreactive neurons in rats’ hippocampus as well as the ability of testosterone to compensate of memory and the density of androgen receptors in the hippocampus was evaluated.MethodsAdult male rats (except intact-no testosterone group) were bilaterally castrated, and behavioral tests performed 2 weeks later. Animals bilaterally cannulated into lateral ventricles and then received testosterone (10, 40 and 120 µg/0.5 µl DMSO) or vehicle (DMSO; 0.5 µl) for gonadectomized-vehicle group, 30 min before training in water maze test. The androgen receptor-immunoreactive neurons were detected by immunohistochemical technique in the hippocampal areas.ResultsIn the gonadectomized male rats, a memory deficit was found in Morris water maze test on test day (5th day) after DMSO administration. Gonadectomy decreased density of androgen receptor-immunoreactive neurons in the rats’ hippocampus. The treatment with testosterone daily for 5 days attenuated memory deficits induced by gonadectomy. Testosterone also significantly increased the density of androgen receptor-immunoreactive neurons in the hippocampal areas. The intermediate dose of this hormone (40 µg) appeared to have a significant effect on spatial memory and the density of androgen receptor-immunoreactive neurons in gonadectomized rats’ hippocampus.ConclusionsThe present study suggests that testosterone can compensate memory failure in gonadectomized rats. Also testosterone replacement can compensate the reduction of androgen receptor-immunoreactive neurons density in the rats’ hippocampus after gonadectomy.

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“…Demonstrated reduced volume density of pyramidal cells in the hippocampus after testosterone deprivation [21]. It has been shown that testosterone deprivation would initiate an apoptotic process in the hippocampal neuron [57]. The ORX + T rat with upregulated NT-4 protein and mRNA levels might have prevented degenerative changes, and cells closely resembled the Cont group hippocampus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Testosterone Depletion on Neurotrophin-4 in Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity and Its Effects on Learning and Memory

Muthu¹,

Lakashmanan²,

Prakash³

2022

Dev Neurosci

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Sex steroids are neuromodulators that play a crucial role in learning, memory, and synaptic plasticity, providing circuit flexibility and dynamic functional connectivity in mammals. Previous studies indicate that testosterone is crucial for neuronal functions and required further investigation on various frontiers. However, it is surprising to note that studies on testosterone-induced NT-4 expression and its influence on synaptic plasticity and learning and memory moderation are scanty. The present study is focused on analyzing the localized influence of neurotrophin-4 (NT4) on hippocampal synaptic plasticity and associated moderation in learning and memory under testosterone deprivation. Adult Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into various groups, control (Cont), orchidectomy (ORX), orchidectomy + testosterone supplementation (ORX+T) and control + testosterone (Cont+T). After two weeks, the serum testosterone level was undetectable in ORX rats. The behavioural assessment showed a decline in the learning ability of ORX rats with increased working and reference memory errors in the behavioural assessment in the 8-arm radial maze. The mRNA and protein expressions of NT-4 and androgen receptors were significantly reduced in the ORX group. In addition, there was a decrease in the number of neuronal dendrites in Golgi-Cox staining. These changes were not seen in ORX+T rats with improved learning behaviour. Indicating that testosterone exerts its protective effect on hippocampal synaptic plasticity through androgen receptor-dependent neurotrophin-4 regulation in learning and memory upgrade.

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Effect of experimental orchiectomy on hippocampus of adult albino rat and the role of testosterone supplementation

Cited by 4 publications

References 43 publications

Young Coconut Juice Reduces Some Histopathological Changes Associated with Alzheimer’s Disease through the Modulation of Estrogen Receptors in Orchidectomized Rat Brains

Young Coconut Juice Reduces Some Histopathological Changes Associated with Alzheimer’s Disease through the Modulation of Estrogen Receptors in Orchidectomized Rat Brains

Gonadectomy reduces the density of androgen receptor-immunoreactive neurons in male rat’s hippocampus: testosterone replacement compensates it

Influence of Testosterone Depletion on Neurotrophin-4 in Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity and Its Effects on Learning and Memory

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