Effect of exposure to O3, NO2, and SO2 on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease hospitalizations in Tabriz, Iran

Abstract

Air pollution in cities is a serious environmental problem especially in the developing countries. We examined the associations between gaseous pollutants and hospitalizations for chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) among people living in Tabriz, a city in north western of Iran. We used the approach proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) using the AirQ 2.2.3 software developed by the WHO European Center for Environment and Health, Bilthoven Division. To assess human exposure and health effect, data were used for ozone as a1h average; for nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide as daily average concentrations. The association between air pollution and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was assessed using AirQ 2.2.3 model. The results of this study showed that 3 % (95 % CI 1.2-4.8 %) of HA COPD were attributed to O3 concentrations over 10 μg/m(3). Also, 0.9 % (95 % CI 0.1-2.2 %) and 0.4 % (95 % CI 0-1.1 %) of HA COPD were attributed to NO2 and SO2 concentrations over 10 μg/m(3), respectively. For every 10 μg/m(3) increase in O3, NO2, and SO2 concentrations, the risk of HA COPD increase to about 0.58, 0.38, and 0.44 %, respectively. We found significant positive associations between the levels of all air pollution and hospital admissions COPD. Otherwise, O3, NO2, and SO2 have a significant impact on COPD hospitalization.

Major air pollutants and risk of COPD exacerbations: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Both of these two gaseous pollutants caused an increased risk of COPD significantly (RR, 95% CI): 1.04, (1.03, 1.06); and 1.03, (1.01, 1.04). One study reported that every 10 μg/m 3 increase of O 3 and NO 2 would result in 0.58% and 0.38% increment in the COPD risk, respectively 33. In addition, exposure to SO 2 and CO showed weaker associations with COPD in the present study, which was consistent with a previous study.…”

Temporal profile of PM 10 and associated health effects in one of the most polluted cities of the world (Ahvaz, Iran) between 2009 and 2014

“…This software has been employed in a variety of past studies (Fattore et al, 2011; Naddafi et al, 2012; Gharehchahi et al, 2013; Gholampour et al, 2014; Ghozikali et al, 2015; Goudarzi et al, 2015; Marzouni et al, 2016) and allows for calculations of the potential impact of exposure to air pollutants in specific urban areas during a specific time period. The method is based on quantification of ‘attributable proportion (AP)’, which is the fraction of a given health outcome in a population due to exposure to a specific pollutant with the assumption of a proven causal relationship between exposure and the health outcome.…”

An evaluation of hospital admission respiratory disease attributed to sulfur dioxide ambient concentration in Ahvaz from 2011 through 2013

“…In 2009, in Tabriz city, Iran Ghozikali et al estimated the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease hospitalizations attributed to SO 2 (Ghozikali et al 2015a). In another study in Detroit, USA, Lipmann et al reported meaningful association between sulfur dioxide level and health effects on human (Lippmann et al 2000).…”