Effect of external longitudinal magnetic field on arc plasma characteristics and droplet transfer during laser-MIG hybrid welding

Zhang, Xun; Zhao, Zeyang; Mi, Gaoyang; Wang, Chunming; Li, Ruoyang; Hu, Xiyuan

doi:10.1007/s00170-017-0293-2

Cited by 26 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…8. In view of Zhang et al [24], the metal flowing up and down parallel to the magnetic field lines would not be affected by the Lorentz force. Since the current in the Z-axis direction was parallel to the direction of the stable magnetic field and would not contribute to the production of the Lorentz force, only the current densities in the Xaxis and Y-axis directions were integrated.…”

Section: 2magnetic Field-assisted Casesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Numerical and experimental investigation of magnesium/aluminum laser welding with magnetic field

Zhou

Liu

2021

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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A three-dimensional numerical model for thermal-fluid-metallurgical coupling was established to inspect the effect from a stable longitudinal magnetic field on molten pool of magnesium/aluminum laser welding. Magnetic field-assisted laser welding platform was built to test the morphology and spectrum of the metal vapor/plasma. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) were used to determine the morphology and element distribution of molten pool cross section. Simulation results showed that temperature gradient of molten pool was reduced, heat distribution became uniform, and keyhole area was enlarged. In addition, the flow velocity of molten pool was increased, the vorticity of molten pool was improved, and the flow region of liquid metal was enlarged. Experimental results showed that penetration of molten pool was deeper, the shape of welding pool tended to be symmetrical and the density of Al element distribution in welding pool was increased by magnetic field. Thus, heat and mass transfer in welding pool was promoted due to the application of magnetic field, the elements exchange and the convection of liquid metal were accelerated, and the distribution of Mg-Al compounds should be dispersed under the agitation of Lorentz force. It's predicted that the distribution of Mg-Al compounds in magnesium/aluminum laser welding would be positively affected by magnetic field, which was beneficial to control the weld quality. Hence, numerical results and experimental verification shared good consistency.

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Section: 2magnetic Field-assisted Casesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Numerical and experimental investigation of magnesium/aluminum laser welding with magnetic field

Zhou

Liu

2021

Int J Adv Manuf Technol

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show abstract

“…= ( × + ∇ ) (28) Further analysis was made in Fig.8. In view of Zhang et al [24], the metal flowing up and down parallel to the magnetic field lines would not be affected by the Lorentz force. Since the current in the Z-axis direction was parallel to the direction of the stable magnetic field and would not contribute to the production of the Lorentz force, only the current densities in the Xaxis and Y-axis directions were integrated.…”

Section: 2magnetic Field-assisted Casesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Numerical and experimental investigation of magnesium/aluminum laser welding with magnetic field

Zhou¹,

Zhou

Liu³

2021

Preprint

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A three-dimensional numerical model for thermal-fluid-metallurgical coupling was established to inspect the effect from a stable longitudinal magnetic field on molten pool of magnesium/aluminum laser welding. Magnetic field-assisted laser welding platform was built to test the morphology and spectrum of the metal vapor/plasma. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) were used to determine the morphology and element distribution of molten pool cross section. Simulation results showed that temperature gradient of molten pool was reduced, heat distribution became uniform, and keyhole area was enlarged. In addition, the flow velocity of molten pool was increased, the vorticity of molten pool was improved, and the flow region of liquid metal was enlarged. Experimental results showed that penetration of molten pool was deeper, the shape of welding pool tended to be symmetrical and the density of Al element distribution in welding pool was increased by magnetic field. Thus, heat and mass transfer in welding pool was promoted due to the application of magnetic field, the elements exchange and the convection of liquid metal were accelerated, and the distribution of Mg-Al compounds should be dispersed under the agitation of Lorentz force. It’s predicted that the distribution of Mg-Al compounds in magnesium/aluminum laser welding would be positively affected by magnetic field, which was beneficial to control the weld quality. Hence, numerical results and experimental verification shared good consistency.

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“…In addition, as shown in Figure 12a, with the applied alternating magnetic field, the direction and magnitude of the electromagnetic contraction force had changed, which affects the resultant force. According to related studies, as the intensity of the magnetic field increases, the current lines are more uniform, concentrated and are not affected by laser-induced plasma [38].…”

Section: Droplet Transfer Process Of Hybrid Welding Assisted the Alternating Magnetic Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Alternating Magnetic Field on Arc Plasma Characteristics and Droplet Transfer during Narrow Gap Laser-MIG Hybrid Welding

Cai

Zhao

et al. 2021

Metals

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In this paper, the morphological characteristics of arc plasma and droplet transfer during the alternating magnetic field-assisted narrow gap groove laser-MIG (metal inert gas) hybrid welding process were investigated. The characteristics of arc plasma and droplet transfer, electron temperature, and density were analyzed using a high-speed camera and spectrum diagnosis. Our results revealed that the arc maintained a relatively stable state and rotated at a high speed to enhance the arc stiffness, and further improved the stability of the arc under the alternating magnetic field. The optimum magnetic field parameters in this experiment were B = 16 mT and f = 20 Hz, the electron temperature was 9893.6 K and the electron density was 0.99 × 1017 cm−3 near the bottom of the groove, which improved the temperature distribution inside the narrow gap groove and eliminated the lack of sidewall fusion defect. Compared to those without a magnetic field, the magnetic field could promote droplet transfer, the droplet diameter decreased by 17.6%, and the transition frequency increased by 23.5% (owing to the centrifugal force during droplet spinning and electromagnetic contraction force). The width of the weld bead was increased by 12.4% and the pores were also significantly reduced due to the stirring of the magnetic field on the molten pool.

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Effect of external longitudinal magnetic field on arc plasma characteristics and droplet transfer during laser-MIG hybrid welding

Cited by 26 publications

References 27 publications

Numerical and experimental investigation of magnesium/aluminum laser welding with magnetic field

Numerical and experimental investigation of magnesium/aluminum laser welding with magnetic field

Numerical and experimental investigation of magnesium/aluminum laser welding with magnetic field

Effect of Alternating Magnetic Field on Arc Plasma Characteristics and Droplet Transfer during Narrow Gap Laser-MIG Hybrid Welding

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