“…EPS can adsorb on the metal surface and form a biofilm, which acts as a protective layer, hinders the transmission of oxygen, and separates a metal surface from a corrosive environment, thus, metal corrosion is inhibited [ 53 , 54 , 124 , 125 , 126 , 127 ]. The negatively charged functional groups in EPS, such as -NH 2 , -COOH, -C-O-C, and -OH, first adsorb positively charged metal ions to form complexes.…”