Effect of fat extraction methods on the fatty acids composition of bovine milk using gas chromatography

Abstract

Milk fat is a complex natural fat and contains around 400 fatty acids. The objectives of this study were to extract fat from bovine milk using two different methods, including Bligh and Dyer and Mojonnier, and to determine the fatty acid content in the extracted fats using gas chromatography (GC). No differences (p > .05) were detected in the fat content and fatty acids content as a percentage of total fat (FA%TF) extracted using both methods. No differences (p > .05) were detected in some saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and unsaturated fatty acids (USFAs) extracted from both methods, such as C11:0 (undecylic acid), C16:0 (palmitic acid), C18:0 (stearic acid), C14:1 (myristoleic acid), and C16:1 (palmitoleic acid). However, the majority of SFAs were different (p < .05) in Mojonnier method as compared to Bligh and Dyer method and vice versa for USFAs. The short (6.54% vs. 5.95%) and medium (21.86% vs. 20.73%) chains FAs determined by GC were high in Mojonnier fat as compared to Bligh and Dyer fat, while the long‐chain FAs were higher in the last (66.61%) relative to Mojonnier fat (65.51%). This study found that Mojonneir method has resulted in fewer errors. In contrast, the Bligh and Dyer extraction method has more experimental error, which led to decreasing the total fat, as well as was not able to detect C9:0.

Compositional characteristics of dairy products and their potential nondairy applications after shelf-life

“…The lipid extraction was done from cream, butter, and hard cheese products using chloroform methanol (United co., Chem & Med Preparations Egypt) at 2:1 v/v ( AOAC, 2000 ; Moneeb et al, 2021 ). The non-lipids components were removed by washing lipid extract three times with methanol of 1:1 v/v (El-Nasr Pharmaceutical Chemicals co., Egypt).…”

Effect of Supplementary Feeding on Milk Volume, Milk Composition, Blood Biochemical Index, and Fecal Microflora Diversity in Grazing Yili Mares

“…UL80BC-11; Hangzhou Zhejiang University Optimal Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China). Certain milk samples were sent to the Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Jinan, Shandong, China), where their FA content was evaluated using high-efficiency gas chromatography (GC) [17].…”

Reusing a residue from the juice industry: extraction of oil from passion fruit seeds and its incorporation into liposomes

“…Thus, the solvent extraction step is the most critical point for the analysis of the total fatty matter, neutral and polar lipids and fatty acid composition of seeds. The works published in the literature related to fruit seeds demonstrate that the extraction of oil for further characterization in terms of fatty acids is commonly carried out using the Soxhlet method 33‐38 and the method of Bligh and Dyer 39‐41 …”

“…The works published in the literature related to fruit seeds demonstrate that the extraction of oil for further characterization in terms of fatty acids is commonly carried out using the Soxhlet method [33][34][35][36][37][38] and the method of Bligh and Dyer. [39][40][41] The Soxhlet method uses solvent reflux for a few hours, and usually uses petroleum ether, hexane or diethyl ether as a solvent, it being possible to extract only free lipids. The Soxhlet method involves hot extraction; however, this methodology is not conveniently used for the determination of polyunsaturated fatty acids due to their possible oxidation.…”