Effect of feeding fermentable fibre-rich feedstuffs on meat quality with emphasis on chemical and sensory boar taint in entire male and female pigs

Abstract

a b s t r a c tSkatole, androstenone and other compounds such as indole cause boar taint in entire male pork. However, female pigs also produce skatole and indole. The purpose of this experiment was to minimise boar taint and increase overall impression of sensory quality by feeding entire male and female pigs with fibrerich feedstuffs. The pigs have been fed three organic diets for either 1 or 2 weeks prior to slaughter of which two diets contained different fermentable fibre-rich feedstuffs -10-13.3% dried chicory roots or 25% blue lupines. These two treatments were compared with pigs fed with an organic control diet for either 1 or 2 weeks prior to slaughter. Lupines significantly reduced skatole in blood and backfat for both genders after 1 week. Moreover, lupines showed negative impact on growth rate and feed conversion whilst chicory showed no significant differences in this respect. However, the indole concentration was significantly lower in chicory than lupine fed pigs. From a sensory perspective, chicory and lupine feeding reduced boar taint since odour and flavour of manure related to skatole and urine associated to androstenone were minimised. The level of boar taint in the entire male pigs was most effectively reduced after 14 days by both fibre-rich feeds while lupine had the largest influence on ''boar" taint reduction in female pigs.

Effects of feeding finisher pigs with chicory or lupine feed for one week or two weeks before slaughter with respect to levels of Bifidobacteria and Campylobacter

“…as described in detail by Hansen et al (2008). The lower weight gain in LUP-fed pigs was apparently not related to the amount of CP in the feed because LUP contained 21.74% (dry matter basis), CTRL 20.22% and CHIC 18.39%.…”

“…The lower weight gain in LUP-fed pigs was apparently not related to the amount of CP in the feed because LUP contained 21.74% (dry matter basis), CTRL 20.22% and CHIC 18.39%. In this study, 25% lupine was added to the diet to assess whether the effect on skatole reduction observed for a long feeding period could be achieved after a feeding period of just 1 or 2 weeks as described in Hansen et al (2008).…”

“…Orchies) were used. This study was part of a larger experiment, which has been described in more detail by Hansen et al (2008), concerning the composition and nutrient content of each feed type, as well as the experimental setup. In short, the experiment was conducted as two identical but independent replicates with 24 pigs per replicate and 8 pigs (4 entire males and 4 females) per type of diet (treatment).…”

Influence of sex and immunocastration on feed intake behavior, skatole and indole concentrations in adipose tissue of pigs

“…For these supplements, other mechanisms may contribute, such as butyrate formation in the colon. In contrast, however, various fiber supplements have an opposite effect on skatole formation (Hansen et al, 2008). Whether this effect is related to changes in the intestinal milieu due to feed intake rate Asterisks indicate levels of significance: *P , 0.05; **P , 0.01; ***P , 0.001; (*) P , 0.10.…”

Effect of faecal soiling on skatole and androstenone occurrence in organic entire male pigs

“…Other factors suggested to affect boar taint arising from skatole are less slatted floors in the pens , roughage feeding and other specific feed ingredients (Hansen et al, 2008). In relation to androstenone, age and weight at slaughter as well as season of the year are found to be influencing factors (Babol et al, 2004;Fredriksen et al, 2006;Fábrega et al, 2011).…”