Effect of feeding frequency on gastric evacuation and the return of appetite in tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (L.)

Effects of temperature and feeding frequency on ingestion and growth for rare minnow

“…A suitable feeding regime with optimal feeding frequency and temperature not only enhances growth and feeding efficiency of fish, but also minimizes size variations, feed waste, production cost, and disease occurrence [34][35][36][37]. Water temperature and feeding frequency are two important components affecting growth, which have been studied in several fish species such as Channel catfish [38], European seabass [39], rainbow trout [40,41], Tiger Puffer [42], tilapia [24], pikeperch [43], and Asian seabass [44]. Temperature affects food consumption, digestion rate, and growth rate through variations in metabolism [15,45], use of nutrients and energy [18,46], and digestive enzyme activities [17,[47][48][49].…”

“…Previous studies have taken gastric evacuation rate as a determinant in decisions regarding feeding regimes, setting feeding intervals to match the evacuation time [23,24]. Appetite directly relates to the amount of food remaining in the gut [55,60].…”

“…Temperature also affects hunger or appetite, which would in turn determine active foraging frequency [22]. Although increasing feeding frequency can improve growth, feeding at intervals shorter than the time required for regaining appetite is inefficient, and could even lead to gastric overload and reduction of absorption efficiency [23][24][25][26]. Therefore, before feeding regimes are constructed, it is important to investigate the effect of temperature and feeding frequency on growth, feed efficiency, and gut evacuation.…”

Effects of meal and body sizes on gastric evacuation rate in brooktrout Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill, 1814) fed commercial pellets in group feeding

“…Gastric evacuation (GE) experiments have been used to quantify the daily ration of fish fed either natural prey (Elliott and Persson, 1978;Bromley, 1994;Seyhan, 1994;Seyhan and Grove, 1998;Andersen, 2001) or formulated diet (Windell et al, 1972;Talbot and Higgins, 1983;Riche et al, 2004;Bascınar et al, 2016;Khan et al, 2016). GE experiments are often performed by maintaining individual fish which is considered to be a standard practice (Jobling, 1981;Persson, 1981;Bromley, 1987;Andersen, 1999;Temming and Herrmann, 2001); however, some of the fish species such as Atlantic herring Clupea harengus, Atlantic mackerel Scomber scombrus, Sprat Sprattus sprattus and sardines Sardinops sagax (Jenyns), cannot be maintained individually.…”

Response of the Asian Sea Bass Lates calcarifer Fingerlings to Different Feeding Rates and Feeding Frequencies Reared in Hyper Saline Condition

“…The influence of feeding frequency on growth has been examined in several species including hybrid sunfish (Wang, et al, 1998), Japanese flounder (Lee et al, 2000), tilapia (Riche, et al, 2004), Australian snapper (Tucker, et al, 2006), tambaqui (Silva, et al, 2007), and cuneate drum (Wang, et al, 2007). Feeding frequency and ration size play a determinant role in regulating feed intake, growth and waste outputs of fish (Silva, et al, 2007;and Wang, et al, 2007).…”