Effect of Feeding Schedule and Feeding Rate on Size and Number of Adipocytes in Rainbow Trout <i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>

Bellardi, Sergio; Bianchini, M.L.; Domenis, L.; Palmegiano, G. B.

doi:10.1111/j.1749-7345.1995.tb00212.x

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…A few studies suggest that, in large rainbow trout, both hypertrophy and hyperplasia of adipose cells coexist in response to changes in ration size, dietary lipid sources or thermal conditions [11,35]. To our knowledge, this is the first observation that visceral adipose tissue is affected by the dietary lipid level and furthermore in an age-or size-dependant manner.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Relation between dietary lipid level and voluntary feed intake, growth, nutrient gain, lipid deposition and hepatic lipogenesis in rainbow trout

Gélineau¹,

et al. 2001

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-Four diets with differing lipid contents (15,20,25 or 30% DM) were tested on small (initial body weight: 27 g) and larger (IBW: 93 g) rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed on demand or by hand, respectively. In both trials, voluntary feed intake was inversely related to dietary lipid levels. Protein efficiency increased when dietary fat content increased. Final whole-body lipid content was positively related to dietary lipid levels. The main sites of lipid storage were visceral adipose tissue and to a lesser extent muscle. Increased fat deposition in the visceral cavity of young trout was due to both hyperplasic and hypertrophic responses and in larger trout mostly due to a hypertrophic response. Liver activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and fatty acid synthetase were negatively correlated with fat intake and positively with starch intake, whereas malic enzyme was little affected by dietary treatments. rainbow trout / dietary lipid / feed intake / lipid depositionRésumé -Relation entre le taux de lipides alimentaires et l'ingestion volontaire, les performances de croissance, les dépôts lipidiques et la lipogénèse hépatique chez la truite arc-en-ciel. Quatre régimes différant par leur contenu lipidique (15, 20, 25 et 30 % MS) sont testés chez des truites arc-en-ciel (Oncorhynchus mykiss) de petite taille (poids initial : 27 g) ou plus grandes (p.i. : 93 g) nourries respectivement à la demande ou à la main. Dans les deux cas, l'augmentation de la teneur en lipides du régime diminue l'ingestion volontaire et augmente l'efficacité protéique et le gain lipidique. La teneur corporelle finale en lipides est positivement corrélée aux taux de lipides alimentaires. Les sites principaux de stockage des lipides sont le tissu adipeux péri-viscéral et dans une moindre mesure le muscle. L'élévation des dépôts péri-viscéraux est due, chez les Reprod. Nutr. Dev. 41 (2001) 487-503 487

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Relation between dietary lipid level and voluntary feed intake, growth, nutrient gain, lipid deposition and hepatic lipogenesis in rainbow trout

Gélineau¹,

et al. 2001

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“…11 Some studies have proposed that body fat deposition is developed through both hyperplastic and hypertrophic processes of adipocytes in fish. 8,11 In contrast, Umino et al found that in a very early stage (37 to 56 day old) of red sea bream P. major hyperplastic growth predominated in the development of visceral adipose tissue, which suggested that the hypertrophic development may be involved as the fish grow. 9 The present study is interested in the mechanism of adiposity in fish, especially the relationship between After sorting by body weight, fish were stocked into cylindrical artemia culture tanks of 50 L capacity (filled to 35-40 L).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body lipid deposition in juveniles of red sea bream Pagrus major, yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata, and Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Oku¹,

Ogata²

2000

Fisheries Sci

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SUMMARY: The characteristics of lipid deposition in juveniles of red sea bream Pagrus major, yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata, and Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus, were investigated by feeding diets with three lipid levels (approximately 11, 16 and 20%). In red sea bream, the viscera contributed 40–50% to the whole body lipid store and deposited 35–39% of dietary lipid intake (body lipid gain/lipid intake : lipid deposition ratio), while the carcass contributed 40% and deposited 30–37%. In yellowtail, 50% of the whole body lipid store was found and 25% of dietary lipid intake was deposited in the carcass, while less than 10% was found and about 3% was deposited in the viscera. In Japanese flounder, although 80% of the whole body lipid store was located in the carcass, the lipid deposition ratio of the carcass decreased from 33% down to 19% as the increase of lipid intake, and the viscera represented around 10% of whole body lipid store and deposited 3% of lipid intake. Thus, the juveniles showed different traits of body lipid deposition in their responses to changes in dietary lipid level.

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“…Like their mammalian counterparts, adult fi sh adipocytes store neutral lipid in the form of triacylglycerol, and these stores are mobilized during periods of nutrient deprivation (26)(27)(28). Fat deposition in fi sh is also sensitive to nutrient availability ( 29,30 ), and the enzymatic machinery responsible for fat deposition and mobilization in fi sh appears to be similar to that found in mammals ( 27 ). Cultured fi sh adipocytes express genes that are homologous to mammalian adipocyte markers [e.g., Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ␥ ( Pparg ), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein ␣ , Lipoprotein lipase , and Leptin ] ( 31-34 ) and are also responsive to many of the same endocrine signals as mammalian adipocytes (e.g., insulin and glucagon) ( 33,35 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Ontogeny and nutritional control of adipogenesis in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Flynn¹,

Trent²,

Rawls

2009

Journal of Lipid Research

209

246

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storage of energy as neutral lipid (i.e., triacylglycerol) in adipose tissues. Storing excess energy as neutral lipid is an evolutionarily conserved characteristic common to virtually all animals, providing a valuable energy source during periods of nutrient scarcity ( 2, 3 ). Vertebrates are capable of storing neutral lipid in several tissues, with adipose tissue serving as the primary depot. The principal cellular component of adipose tissue is the adipocyte, a cell type specialized for storing fat in cytoplasmic neutral lipid droplets and endocrine control of energy balance ( 4, 5 ).Current knowledge of adipocyte development and physiology is largely derived from research using mammalian model systems. Mammals develop two general types of adipose tissues: white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT). WAT is more abundant and serves primarily as a site of energy storage and mobilization, while BAT primarily functions in energy expenditure in the form of thermogenesis. WAT and BAT form in distinct anatomic depots during mammalian development, with different depots displaying distinctive patterns of gene expression, endocrine sensitivity, and association with metabolic diseases ( 2 ). Adipocytes within WAT (white adipocytes) and BAT (brown adipocytes) both contain cytoplasmic neutral lipid droplets; however, mature white adipocytes typically contain a single large droplet (unilocular), while brown adipocytes contain multiple smaller lipid droplets. Previous studies have indicated that adipocytes develop from multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). MSCs are classically considered to be derived from the mesoderm, although recent studies suggest that MSCs have additional developmental origins, such as the neural crest or neuroepithelium ( 6, 7 ). In addition to producing adipocytes during development, MSCs are thought to populate distinct anatomical sites in adult animals, including bone The worldwide epidemic of obesity and associated complications, such as type II diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease, has resulted in the designation of obesity as a major public health challenge of our time ( 1 ). Obesity is a disorder of energy imbalance in which an excess of energy intake over expenditure leads to increased This work was funded

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Effect of Feeding Schedule and Feeding Rate on Size and Number of Adipocytes in Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss

Cited by 17 publications

References 2 publications

Relation between dietary lipid level and voluntary feed intake, growth, nutrient gain, lipid deposition and hepatic lipogenesis in rainbow trout

Relation between dietary lipid level and voluntary feed intake, growth, nutrient gain, lipid deposition and hepatic lipogenesis in rainbow trout

Body lipid deposition in juveniles of red sea bream Pagrus major, yellowtail Seriola quinqueradiata, and Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus

Ontogeny and nutritional control of adipogenesis in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

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