Effect of fertilization patterns on the assemblage of weed communities in an upland winter wheat field

Weed community composition after 43 years of long-term fertilization in tropical rice–rice system

“…P management is an important factor that affects weed density and community composition and should be incorporated as an integrated weed management strategy in the double rice-cropping system (Yin et al, 2006;Nie et al, 2009). The competition for nutrients between crops and weeds are the main indirect effects of fertilization on the species diversity of the weed community (Tang et al, 2013). Nutrient accumulations and grain yield in rice were promoted by different fertilization patterns (Table 4; Fig.…”

“…Many arable weed species plays a key role in supporting biodiversity within agro-ecosystems (Marshall et al, 2003;Fried et al, 2009) because they often constitute the base of the food chain for herbivores and their natural enemies, supporting many species of beneficial insects, especially crop pollinators (Rypstra et al, 1999). In crop fields, weeds compete with crops for most abiotic resources such as nutrients, light and water, and their presence usually results in drastic declines in crop yield and quality (Vollmann et al, 2010;Kennedy et al, 2011;Tang et al, 2013). Weeds are notorious yield reducers, and as such are, in many situations, economically more important than insects, fungi, or other pest organisms (Savary et al, 1997).…”

Soil management shapes ecosystem service provision and trade-offs in agricultural landscapes

“…Except for the expected positive association between weed cover and weed species richness, we observed only two positive correlations under unfertilized, conventional tillage conditions: pest control (aphid parasitism) increased together with weed control. These relationships might be the indirect result of the low crop density: the lack of fertilization is likely to increase weed growth through decreased light competition with crop plants [47] and simultaneously to facilitate aphid location for parasitoids. Conservation tillage instead, may support higher weed abundance and diversity that mitigates potential relationships between weed control and crop density and therefore between weed control and parasitism.…”

Long-Term Diverse Fertilizer Management on Weed Species and Communities in Winter Wheat Field

“…weeds cause decreasing in crop yield and quality by competing for available resources such as water, nutrient, space and light [1] [2] [3]. However, weeds can maintain the stability and sustainability of an agro-ecosystems [4], because they often contribute to relief in soil and water conservation and nutrient retention for improve soil productivity [5] [6], and can provide food for many species of beneficial insects, mainly crop pollinators [7].…”

“…Moreover, some researchers have shown that P fertilizer increases the density of weed communities in crop fields than N and K fertilizers [23] [24] [25]. As suggested by Tang [3] has demonstrated that balanced fertilization was more efficient to prohibiting for growth of weeds. The application of chemical fertilizer with manure has increased the density of the weed community [26].…”