Effect of Filling Rate on Underwater Wet Welding Process and Weld Appearance

Zhang, Xin; Guo, Ning; Xu, Cheng; Kan, Haoran; Tan, Yanbo; Chen, Hao

doi:10.3390/ma13051061

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Zhang et al [10] proved that unstable welding arc generates problem with droplet transition, which may cause geometric shape imperfections. Zhang et al [11] in their next research performed experiments, which showed the possibility of increasing the stability of the welding arc by selecting the appropriate parameters. Yang et al [12] compared the shape of welding arc under water and in air environment using similar welding parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Electrode Waterproof Coating on Quality of Underwater Wet Welded Joints

Tomków

Fydrych

Wilk³

2020

Materials

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In this paper, the effects of different hydrophobic coatings on the surface of covered electrodes on the quality of wet welded carbon steel joints were discussed. Commonly available hydrophobic substances used in industrial applications were selected for the research. The aim of using waterproof coatings was to check the possibility to decreasing the susceptibility of high-strength low-alloy S460N steel to cold cracking. During experiments diffusible hydrogen content in deposited metal determination by mercury method, metallographic macro- and microscopic testing and hardness measurements were performed. Investigations showed that waterproof coatings laid on covered electrodes can improve the quality of wet welded joints, by decreasing the Vickers HV10 hardness in heat-affected zone and decreasing the diffusible hydrogen content in deposited metal, which minimalize possibility of cold cracking.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Electrode Waterproof Coating on Quality of Underwater Wet Welded Joints

Tomków

Fydrych

Wilk³

2020

Materials

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“…The flow rate of shielding gas is about 20 L/min. The preheating and inter-pass temperature was 150 groove pressing formation, flux filling, rolling sealing and diameter reduction, as shown in Figure 1 [28]. The base metal used in this experiment was Q345 steel, which is used as the substrate with no effect on sampling, playing a supporting role to prevent molten pool flow and improve molding.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Ni on Bainite/Martensite Transformation and Mechanical Properties of Deposited Metals Obtained from Metal-Cored Wire

Wang

et al. 2021

Metals

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The multi-pass deposited metals were prepared by metal-cored wire with low (2.5 wt%) and high (4.0 wt%) Ni to research the effect of Ni on the bainite/martensite transformation. Results showed that deposited metals exhibited a multiphase structure comprised of bainite, martensite and residual austenite, which is not only explained from SEM/TEM, but also identified and quantified each phase from crystallographic structure through XRD and EBSD. With Ni content increasing, the fraction of martensite increases from 37% to 41%, and that of bainite decreases from 61% to 55% accordingly because 4% Ni element narrows the temperature range of the bainite transformation ~20 °C. The 7.8% residual austenite exhibited block and sheet in the deposited metal with low Ni, while the fraction of residual austenite was 3.26% as a film with high Ni, caused by different transformation mechanisms of bainite and martensite. The tensile strengths of deposited metals were 1042 ± 10 MPa (2.5% Ni) and 1040 ± 5 MPa (4% Ni), respectively. The yield strength of deposited metals with high Ni was 685 ± 18 MPa, which was higher than low Ni due to the high fraction of martensite. The impact values of deposited metals with high Ni content decreased because the volume fraction of bainite and residual austenite and area fraction of large-angle grain boundary were lower.

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“…They are made of a metal sheath filled with ceramic or metallic powder. With such a structure, it is possible to achieve a favorable spray metal transfer in the welding arc, higher wire melting rates and the use of the core of wire for metallurgical purposes [ 18 , 19 ]. The consumption of flux-cored wires for ocean and marine structures is still increasing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the great practical significance of problems associated with the storage of welding consumables, this topic is relatively rarely discussed in the literature. Previous works mainly concerned the impact of wire construction and storage conditions on the diffusible hydrogen amount in weld metal [ 18 , 22 , 38 ] and the influence of welding parameters and conditions on the quality and properties of welded joints [ 20 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ]. Accordingly, the purpose of the work was to analyze the impact of storage conditions of seamless, copper plated flux-cored wires on the plasticity of the bead-on-plate welds made with these wires.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasticity of Bead-on-Plate Welds Made with the Use of Stored Flux-Cored Wires for Offshore Applications

Świerczyńska

Landowski

2020

Materials

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Extreme atmospheric conditions in the marine and offshore industry are harmful to engineering materials, especially to welded joints, and may cause degradation of their properties. This article presents the results of research on the plasticity of bead-on-plate welds made using two types of seamless, copper plated flux-cored wires. Before welding, spools with wire were stored for 1 month in two distinct locations with different geographical and industrial conditions in Poland, and then subjected to visual examination. Bead-on-plate welds were subjected to a static tensile test and on this basis plasticity indexes showing the effect of storage on plasticity were determined. The fractures after tensile tests and the surfaces of the wires were examined on an electron scanning microscope. Additionally, diffusible hydrogen content in deposited metal measurements for each condition were carried out. The highest degradation level was found for wire stored in an agricultural building in north-eastern Poland—there was an almost fourfold decrease in the plasticity index value and the highest diffusible hydrogen content. For the same wire and the same location, the largest difference was also observed in fracture morphology after the tensile test—ductile fracture was obtained for wire at delivery condition while an almost full cleavage fracture was found after relatively short (1 month) storage of wire.

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Effect of Filling Rate on Underwater Wet Welding Process and Weld Appearance

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Effect of Electrode Waterproof Coating on Quality of Underwater Wet Welded Joints

Effect of Electrode Waterproof Coating on Quality of Underwater Wet Welded Joints

The Influence of Ni on Bainite/Martensite Transformation and Mechanical Properties of Deposited Metals Obtained from Metal-Cored Wire

Plasticity of Bead-on-Plate Welds Made with the Use of Stored Flux-Cored Wires for Offshore Applications

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