Effect of Fire on Hydrophobic and Cementing Substances of Soil Aggregates1

Giovannini, G.; Lucchesi, Sergio

doi:10.1097/00010694-198310000-00006

Cited by 141 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…According to different authors, higher water repellency values may result in higher fractions of water-stable aggregates (Capriel et al, 1995;Doerr et al, 2000;Giovannini and Lucchesi, 1983;Rawitz and Hazan, 1978). However, in our investigation, higher WSA values were obtained in the C plot, despite the lower values of water repellency measured in this plot.…”

Section: Comparison Between Thinned and Control Plotscontrasting

confidence: 61%

Impacts of thinning of a Mediterranean oak forest on soil properties influencing water infiltration

Prima

Bagarello

Angulo-Jaramillo

et al. 2017

Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:In Mediterranean ecosystems, special attention needs to be paid to forest-water relationships due to water scarcity. In this context, Adaptive Forest Management (AFM) has the objective to establish how forest resources have to be managed with regards to the efficient use of water, which needs maintaining healthy soil properties even after disturbance. The main objective of this investigation was to understand the effect of one of the AFM methods, namely forest thinning, on soil hydraulic properties. At this aim, soil hydraulic characterization was performed on two contiguous Mediterranean oak forest plots, one of them thinned to reduce the forest density from 861 to 414 tree per ha. Three years after the intervention, thinning had not affected soil water permeability of the studied plots. Both ponding and tension infiltration runs yielded not significantly different saturated, K s , and unsaturated, K -20 , hydraulic conductivity values at the thinned and control plots. Therefore, thinning had no an adverse effect on vertical water fluxes at the soil surface. Mean K s values estimated with the ponded ring infiltrometer were two orders of magnitude higher than K -20 values estimated with the minidisk infiltrometer, revealing probably soil structure with macropores and fractures . The input of hydrophobic organic matter, as a consequence of the addition of plant residues after the thinning treatment, resulted in slight differences in terms of both water drop penetration time, WDPT, and the index of water repellency, R, between thinned and control plots. Soil water repellency only affected unsaturated soil hydraulic conductivity measurements. Moreover, K -20 values showed a negative correlation with both WDPT and R, whereas K s values did not, revealing that the soil hydrophobic behavior has no impact on saturated hydraulic conductivity.

show abstract

Section: Comparison Between Thinned and Control Plotscontrasting

confidence: 61%

Impacts of thinning of a Mediterranean oak forest on soil properties influencing water infiltration

Prima

Bagarello

Angulo-Jaramillo

et al. 2017

Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The increased intensity of fires in invaded areas makes them more difficult to control (Chandler et al, 1983). The increased severity of the fires also results in greater damage to soils through heating and combustion of the organic matter which, in turn, can result in water repellency and severe soil erosion (DeBano and Rice, 1973;Giovannini and Lucchesi, 1983;Scott andVan Wyk, 1990, 1992;Scott, 1993;Scott et al, 1998b). The risk of severe flooding is also increased by the increased surface runoff and higher peak flood water volumes (Scott et al, 1991).…”

Section: Other Benefitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasive alien trees and water resources in South Africa: case studies of the costs and benefits of management

Maitre¹,

Wilgen²,

Gelderblom³

et al. 2002

Forest Ecology and Management

243

136

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Invasive alien plants are consumptive water-users, and may have reduced river flows in South Africa by about 6.7% according to a broad-scale study. An effective programme to bring the invasions under control would cost about US$ 92 million per year for the next 20 years. This paper reports on studies of four representative catchments (the Sonderend, Keurbooms, Upper Wilge and Sabie-Sand) to assess the impacts and costs of invasions at a scale that is more relevant to managers. Several alien plant species have invaded the catchments. Non-riverine invasions are mainly Pinus and Hakea species in Sonderend and Keurbooms, eucalypts in the Upper Wilge, and pines and scramblers (e.g. Lantana camara) in the Sabie-Sand catchment. Riverine invasions are dominated by Acacia mearnsii and, to a lesser extent, A. dealbata, except in the Sabie-Sand and the lower Sonderend River where Eucalyptus species are important. About 44% of the Sonderend, 54% of the Keurbooms, 2% of the Upper Wilge and 23% of the Sabie-Sand catchments has been invaded to some degree. The corresponding reductions in the natural river flows attributed to these invasions are about 7.2, 22.1, 6.0 and 9.4%. If the invasions are not controlled they could potentially spread, and occupy 51, 77, 70%, respectively, of the first three catchments. At an annual expansion rate of 10-15% this would take about 13, 26 and 63 years, respectively. The invadable areas in the Sabie-Sand catchment are already invaded so invasions will only increase in density. It would take about 26-30 years to reach 100% canopy cover. The projected flow reductions for the four catchments would increase to 41.5, 95.5, 25.1 and 22.3%, respectively. The estimated cost of the control programmes to prevent these losses would be about US$ 13.2, 9.9, 4.1 and 6.6 million for the Sonderend, Keurbooms, Upper Wilge and Sabie-Sand catchments, respectively. Should the catchments be allowed to become fully invaded before control operations were started, then the costs would rise to US$ 86.5, 20.5, 278.0 and 11.1 million, respectively. The impacts and costs are significant and are comparable with those calculated independently for other South African catchments. Water is acknowledged to be a key constraint to economic growth in South Africa and there is considerable pressure for efficient and sustainable use of the limited water resources. The projected impacts would justify control programmes aimed at clearing alien invaders for water conservation. #

show abstract

“…Extreme drying of mineral soil will result in water repellency also. Mineral particles need not be individually coated with hydrophobic substances; merely intermixing mineral soil particles with organic matter may induce severe water repellency (DeBano, 1981;Giovannini and Lucchesi, 1983). Sandy soils have smaller specific surface areas than fine-textured soils and therefore are more likely to be coated by the same amount of hydrophobic substance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water repellency by laboratory burning of four northern Rocky Mountain forest soils

Robichaud

Hungerford

2000

Journal of Hydrology

130

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Highly variable water repellent soil conditions have been reported after forest fires. We examined interactions among heating, soil water content and soil texture on water repellency. Undisturbed, 305-mm diameter cores were collected in the field from four soils commonly referred to as ash-cap, mixed ash-cap, no ash-cap and granitic soils. Three artificial burning treatments and a control (no heat) and two soil water contents were evaluated under laboratory conditions. Twenty water drops were placed on each soil layer starting at the surface and continuing at 10-mm intervals to a depth of 70-mm; and the times to infiltrate were recorded. The dry control treatment was more water repellent than the wet control treatment. The dry, low heat treatment was the most repellent, 10 to 20-mm below the soil surface with mean water drop penetration times greater that 60 s.Repellency decreased as the heating increased. In wet soils of the high heat treatment, a water repellent layer was generally detected 30 to 50-mm below the soil surface. Presumably, hydrophobic substances were translocated along the temperature gradient which cooled at depth (< 50 mm) causing condensation on the soil particles.Water repellency after prescribed fire would probably be minimal because long heating times are not common.

show abstract

Effect of Fire on Hydrophobic and Cementing Substances of Soil Aggregates1

Cited by 141 publications

References 0 publications

Impacts of thinning of a Mediterranean oak forest on soil properties influencing water infiltration

Impacts of thinning of a Mediterranean oak forest on soil properties influencing water infiltration

Invasive alien trees and water resources in South Africa: case studies of the costs and benefits of management

Water repellency by laboratory burning of four northern Rocky Mountain forest soils

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About