Effect of fish oil on LDL oxidation and plasma homocysteine concentrations in health

Piolot, A.; Blache, Denis; Boulet, Lucie; Fortin, Louis-Jacques; Dubreuil, Denise; Marcoux, Caroline; Davignon, Jean; Lussier‐Cacan, Suzanne

doi:10.1067/mlc.2003.3

Cited by 53 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Also some but not all other studies have reported that intake of n-3 fatty acids promote increased peroxidation of LDL (Pedersen et al, 2003;Piolot et al, 2003;Roberts et al, 2003). In the present study, the rate of LDL oxidation was significantly higher in nonsmokers than in smokers, whereas the lag phase of LDL oxidation did not differ significantly between the groups at baseline.…”

Section: After Vitamin E Supplementationcontrasting

confidence: 64%

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Effects of vitamin E on the toxicity of oxidized LDL on endothelial cells in vitro in smokers vs nonsmokers on diets rich in fish

et al. 2005

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Objective: To clarify whether supplementation of vitamin E can alter the low density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation properties and thereby affect endothelial cell function and prostacyclin production in smokers compared to nonsmokers on diets rich in fish in a pilot study. Design: The LDL of six smokers and six nonsmokers on habitual high fish diet was isolated before and after an 8-week supplementation of vitamin E (800 IU/day). LDL was oxidized by incubation with CuSO 4 . Cytotoxicity of LDL oxidized to different degrees on endothelial cells was investigated in vitro in these two groups. Setting: Helsinki University Central Hospital; Institute of Biomedicine, Pharmacology, University of Helsinki. Results: At baseline, the rate of oxidation was higher in nonsmokers than in smokers. The lag phase increased significantly after the supplementation of vitamin E both in smokers and nonsmokers. Native LDL dose dependently tended to reduce the viability of endothelial cells in vitro more markedly when isolated from smokers than from nonsmokers. Vitamin E supplementation had no beneficial effect on the cytotoxicity of oxidized LDLs in endothelial cell culture. On the other hand, simultaneous administration of Trolox s , the water-soluble analogue of vitamin E, attenuated the LDL cytotoxicity on endothelial cells. The vitamin E supplementation to LDL donors attenuated the increase in prostacyclin production both in smokers and nonsmokers. Conclusion: Supplementation of LDL donors (healthy male volunteers on habitual fish diet) with vitamin E increased the lag phase of LDL oxidation, but, on the other hand, did not influence in vitro cytotoxicity of LDL, or prostacyclin production.

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Section: After Vitamin E Supplementationcontrasting

confidence: 64%

“…Most reports suggest that intake of n-3 fatty acids promote increased peroxidation of LDL in vitro and in vivo (Korpela et al, 1999;Pedersen et al, 2003;Roberts et al, 2003). However, it has also been reported on unaltered peroxidation with dietary intake of n-3 fatty acids (Piolot et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of vitamin E on the toxicity of oxidized LDL on endothelial cells in vitro in smokers vs nonsmokers on diets rich in fish

et al. 2005

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“…The same authors have recently published a prospective study in which daily administration of 850 mg EPA+DHA to patients after acute myocardial infarction (12% of them were diabetics) led to a significant decrease in tHcy without changes in the levels of CRP, ICAM-1 and E-selectin, as well as those of folate or cyanocobalamin; changes in tHcy concentrations did not correlate with changes in plasma FA composition [12]. In another study, carried out in a group of normolipidemics, an increase in tHcy was observed after administration of 6 g of PUFA n-3 daily [33]. The authors believed that PUFA n-3 could lead to a rise in NO concentration with a subsequent methionine synthase inhibition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

N-3 fatty acid supplementation decreases plasma homocysteine in diabetic dyslipidemia treated with statin–fibrate combination

Zeman

Žák

Vecka

et al. 2006

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry

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“…Thus, currently there is no convincing proof that supplementation with fish oils may decrease the tHcy concentration. Only one study observed an increase of the tHcy concentration after giving participants fish oil (Piolot et al, 2003). The used dose of fish oil (6 g) and the duration of the trial (8 weeks) were comparable to those of other studies and can thus not explain this unexpected result.…”

Section: B-vitamins Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Diseases mentioning

confidence: 58%

“…The authors hypothesize that an increase in fish oil may have led to an increase in NO. NO may inhibit methionine synthase, and as indicated in Figure 1, this will result in a decreased conversion of homocysteine to methionine (Piolot et al, 2003). Further studies need to indicate whether the results of this study are a chance finding or that they can be reproduced.…”

Section: B-vitamins Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Diseases mentioning

confidence: 83%

Evidence for a protective (synergistic?) effect of B-vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids on cardiovascular diseases

et al. 2004

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The results of dietary intervention trials favor the hypothesis that higher intakes of B-vitamins (folate, vitamin B 6 and B 12 ), and subsequently lower total homocysteine (tHcy) concentrations, are causally associated with a decreased risk of vascular disease in patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The same is true for a higher intake of omega-3 fish fatty acids. Yet, the lack of hard end points and/or appropriate study designs precludes a definitive conclusion about causality. In the future, intervention trials with hard end points and randomized double-blind placebo-controlled designs should be able to elucidate the causality problem. There are several pathways by which B-vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids may exert their protective effect on CVD, a common pathway is a beneficial effect on the endothelial function and hemostasis. With respect to synergy between B-vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids, there is no evidence that fish oils have a tHcy-lowering effect beyond the effect of the B-vitamins. Nevertheless, animal studies clearly illustrate that vitamin B 6 -as well as folate-metabolism are linked with those of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids. Furthermore, a human study indicated synergistic effects of folic acid (synthetic form of folate) and vitamin B 6 together with omega-3 fatty acids on the atherogenic index and the fibrinogen concentration. Although these results are promising, they were produced in very small selective study populations. Thus, confirmation in large well-designed intervention trials is warranted.

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Effect of fish oil on LDL oxidation and plasma homocysteine concentrations in health

Cited by 53 publications

References 54 publications

Effects of vitamin E on the toxicity of oxidized LDL on endothelial cells in vitro in smokers vs nonsmokers on diets rich in fish

Effects of vitamin E on the toxicity of oxidized LDL on endothelial cells in vitro in smokers vs nonsmokers on diets rich in fish

N-3 fatty acid supplementation decreases plasma homocysteine in diabetic dyslipidemia treated with statin–fibrate combination

Evidence for a protective (synergistic?) effect of B-vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids on cardiovascular diseases

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