Effect of Five Years of No-tillage and Mulch on Soil Properties and Tuber Yield of Cassava on an Acid Ultisol in South-eastern Nigeria

Hulugalle, N. R.; Lal, Rattan; Gichuru, M. P.

doi:10.1017/s001447970001824x

Cited by 33 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The mean annual rainfall is 2400 mm in a monomodal distribution lasting from March to November. The soil at the experimental site is derived from coastal sediments and classified as loamy, siliceous, isohyperthemic, Typic Paleudult [9]. Selected physical and chemical properties are shown on Table 1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root distribution of Acioa barteri, Alchornea cordifolia, Cassia siamea and Gmelina arborea in an acid Ultisol

Ruhigwa

Gichuru

Mambani³

et al. 1992

Agroforest Syst

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A major constraint to alley cropping is the competition of tree or shrub roots with those of companion food crops for available water and nutrients in the topsoil. Root distribution patterns of Acioa barteri, Alchornea cordifolia, Cassia siamea and Gmelina arborea grown on an acid Ultisol at Onne in the humid forest zone of southeastern Nigeria were examined to a depth of 120 cm and laterally to 200 cm from the tree trunk to study the suitability of the species for alley cropping. The four woody species have roots throughout the soil profile examined but differ in the concentration of roots both laterally and vertically. Alchornea cordifolia, Cassia siamea and Gmelina arborea, in spite of higher underground biomass production, most of their fine roots ( < 2 mm diameter) were in the top 20 cm of the soil. This soil layer had 73%, 76%, and 74% of the total Alchornea cordifolia, Cassia siamea, and Gmelina arborea fine roots in the profile examined, respectively. Such root systems would compete with food crops for nutrients and moisture in the surface soil. Alchornea cordifoIia and Gmelina arborea have many large woody roots in the surface soil which will make any tillage operation or seedbed preparation difficult. Acioa barteri in contrast, has the desirable rooting system with fewer fine roots in the surface soil (49%), and roots that are concentrated close to tree trunk and decrease markedly away from the tree base. In addition, Acioa barteri roots penetrate deeper soil horizons and can result in more efficient nutrient cycling from these layers, and reduced competition with shallow-rooted food crops. The rooting distribution patterns of Acioa barteri indicated that the species is a promising alley shrub in acid soils of the humid forest ecology. Therefore, consideration of rooting characteristics of potential tree/shrub species is recommended for the development of agroforestry systems such as alley cropping.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root distribution of Acioa barteri, Alchornea cordifolia, Cassia siamea and Gmelina arborea in an acid Ultisol

Ruhigwa

Gichuru

Mambani³

et al. 1992

Agroforest Syst

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“…In Africa application of mulch, especially that of leguminous species, increased cassava yields in acid sandy soils (Ofori, 1973;Hulugalle et al, 1991). In sandy soils on the Atlantic Coast of Colombia, Cadavid et al (1998) reported that annual applications of 12 t ha −1 of dry Panicum maximum grass as mulch significantly increased cassava yields during eight consecutive years of cropping, especially in the absence of chemical fertilizers.…”

Section: Green Manures Cover Crops and Mulchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cassava mineral nutrition and fertilization.

Howeler

2001

Cassava: Biology, Production and Utilization

183

229

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The topics covered include: the effect of cassava production on soil fertility (i.e. nutrient absorption, distribution and removal in harvested products; nutrient losses by runoff and erosion; long-term effect of cassava production on soil productivity); diagnosis of nutritional disorders (i.e. observation of deficiency and toxicity symptoms; soil analysis; plant tissue analysis; greenhouse and field experiments); correcting nutritional disorders (chemical fertilizers; N; P; K; Ca and Mg; S; micronutrients; soil amendments; acid soils; saline-alkaline soils; animal manures and compost; green manures, cover crops and mulch; inoculation with mycorrhizas).

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“…In all treatments, the impact on lowering soil temperature was more pronounced at the end than at the beginning of the growing season. Hulugalle et al (1986) reported that incorporation of 12 t ha -1 of Siam weed (Eupatorium odor- For personal use only.…”

Section: Soil Moisture and Temperature During The Growing Seasonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of incorporated hay mulch on selected physical, chemical and microbiological properties of a loam soil in Atlantic Canada after five years of continuous potato production

Rees¹,

Chow²

2005

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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Maintenance of soil quality and crop productivity is a major concern under intensive potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production. The effects of four consecutive annual applications of 0.00, 2.25, 4.50 and 9.00 t ha -1 wet hay on growing season soil moisture and thermal regimes, soil quality and yield were evaluated on a loamy Orthic Humo-Ferric Podzol between 1995 and 1999. Hay mulching increased soil moisture at the beginning of the growing season by 6.5 to 12.7%, with increases significant until June 24, September 07 and September 20 for the 2.25, 4.50 and 9.00 t ha -1 treatments, respectively. Growing season soil temperature of the 4.50 and 9.00 t ha -1 treatments were lower than control, but only by -0.2 and -0.8°C, respectively. Hay mulching increased soil organic carbon (SOC) of the plow layer (0-25 cm), which increased biological activity resulting in better soil aggregation with more macropores, faster saturated hydraulic conductivity and reduced bulk density. Soil air CO 2 concentration was significantly correlated to SOC content, aggregation, porosity and saturated hydraulic conductivity. Hay mulching at 2.25 and 4.50 t ha -1 increased total potato yield over that of the unmulched control by 11-14%, but was insufficient to maintain soil productivity. Hay mulching at 9.00 t ha -1 may have been excessive in terms of crop yield as it showed no total yield benefits. . Les auteurs ont évalué l'incidence de quatre applications annuelles consécutives de 0,00, de 2,25, de 4,50 et de 9,00 tonnes de foin humide par hectare sur la teneur en eau et le régime thermique du sol pendant la période végétative, sur la qualité du sol et sur le rendement d'un podzol loameux orthique humo-ferrique entre 1995 et 1999. L'incorporation de foin accroît la teneur en eau du sol de 6,5 à 12,7 % au début de la période végétative, avec des hausses significatives jusqu'au 24 juin, au 7 septembre et au 20 septembre pour l'addition de 2,25, de 4,50 et de 9,00 tonnes par hectare, respectivement. La température du sol durant la période végétative était inférieure à celle de la parcelle témoin avec les traitements de 4,50 et de 9,00 tonnes de foin par hectare, mais d'à peine 0,2°C et 0,8°C, respectivement. Le paillis accroît la concentration de carbone organique dans la semelle de labour (0 à 25 cm), de sorte qu'on observe une plus grande activité biologique conduisant à une meilleure agrégation du sol, avec hausse du nombre de pores macroscopiques, une meilleure conductivité hydraulique à saturation et une plus faible masse volumique apparente. La concentration de CO 2 dans le sol présente une corrélation significative avec la teneur en carbone organique, l'agrégation, la porosité et la conductivité hydraulique à saturation. L'incorporation de 2,25 et de 4,50 tonnes de paillis par hectare au sol augmente le rendement total en tubercules de 11 à 14 % par rapport aux parcelles témoin, mais ne permet pas de maintenir la productivité du sol. L'incorporation de 9,00 tonnes de paillis par hectare pourrait néanmoins s'avérer excessive pour la cu...

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Effect of Five Years of No-tillage and Mulch on Soil Properties and Tuber Yield of Cassava on an Acid Ultisol in South-eastern Nigeria

Cited by 33 publications

References 4 publications

Root distribution of Acioa barteri, Alchornea cordifolia, Cassia siamea and Gmelina arborea in an acid Ultisol

Root distribution of Acioa barteri, Alchornea cordifolia, Cassia siamea and Gmelina arborea in an acid Ultisol

Cassava mineral nutrition and fertilization.

Impact of incorporated hay mulch on selected physical, chemical and microbiological properties of a loam soil in Atlantic Canada after five years of continuous potato production

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