Effect of flaxseed supplementation and exercise training on lipid profile, oxidative stress and inflammation in rats with myocardial ischemia

Abstract

BackgroundFlaxseed has recently gained attention in the area of cardiovascular disease primarily because of its rich contents of α-linolenic acid (ALA), lignans, and fiber. Although the benefits of exercise on any single risk factor are unquestionable, the effect of exercise on overall cardiovascular risk, when combined with other lifestyle modifications such as proper nutrition, can be dramatic.This study was carried out to evaluate the protective role of flaxseed and exercise on cardiac markers, lipids profile and inflammatory markers in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial ischemia in rats.MethodsThe research was conducted on 40 male albino rats, divided into 4 groups (n=10): group I served as control, group II has acute myocardial ischemia induced by isoproterenol, groups III and IV have acute myocardial ischemia induced by isoproterenol pretreated with flaxseed supplementation orally for 6 weeks, additionally group IV practiced muscular exercise through swimming.ResultsAlterations of lipid profile, cardiac and inflammatory markers (Il-1β, PTX 3 and TNF- α) were observed in myocardial ischemia group. Flaxseed supplementation combined with exercise training showed significant increase of HDL and PON 1, on the other hand cardiac troponin, Il- 1β and TNF- α levels significantly decreased as compared to myocardial ischemic group. Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) analysis of cTnI, PTX 3, Il-1β and TNF- α revealed a satisfactory level of sensitivity and specificity.ConclusionRegular exercise enhances the improvement in plasma lipoprotein levels and cardiovascular protection that results from flaxseed supplementation by mitigating the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis. Elevation of HDL, the antioxidant PON 1 and the cardioprotective marker PTX 3 emphasizes the protective effects of flaxseed and muscular exercise mutually against the harmful effects of acute myocardial ischemia.

Cardioprotective effect of resveratrol analogue isorhapontigenin versus omega-3 fatty acids in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats

“…5) in isoproterenolinduced rats. These results were in agreement with those of previous studies [8,25]. Moreover, the improvement of the serum TG by n-3 PUFA may explain the additive effect observed for ISOR + n-3 PUFA.…”

“…These are essential fatty acids which must be obtained through the diet. Common sources of n-3 PUFA include fish oils [eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)] and some plant oils such as canola and flaxseed oils (alpha linolenic acid) [25]. Several studies indicate that n-3 PUFA could have beneficial effects on cancer, cirrhosis, diabetes, and inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis [6].…”

Dietary Fats as Mediators of Obesity, Inflammation, and Colon Cancer

“…ALNA supplementation also decreased oxidative stress as measured by decreased urinary 8 isoprostanes [ 136 -141 ]. Interestingly, fl axseeddependent lowering of infl ammatory factors in rats was further enhanced by exercise [ 138 ]. The ALNA lowering of infl ammatory factors is similar to those produced by EPA and DHA [ 141 ].…”

Aerobical Physical Activities Improve Quality of Cardiac Health in an Animal Model: Parameters of Calorimetry, Profile Lipids and Oxidative Stress

“…The beneficial effects of exercise practiced regularly on metabolic disorders and directly on the heart tissue [13,14] decreases the chances of dying from cardiovascular disease by the reduction of risk factors, such as hypertension and hyperlipidemia, and by practicing physical activities; it also enhances longevity by mechanisms independent of these risk factors [15,16]. In addition, the protocol of the moderate intensity of exercise can promote improvement in diastolic function in rats [17] and generates a physiological molecular pattern, different from that in pathological cardiac hypertrophy [18].…”