Effect of Fluorine Incorporation on DLC Films Deposited by Pulsed Cathodic Arc Deposition on Nitrile Butadiene Rubber and Polyurethane Rubber Substrates

Zhang, Lijie; Zong, Xuemei; Guo, Fei; He, Bing; Yuan, Xiaoming

doi:10.3390/coatings10090878

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Zhang et al [25] reviewed the effects of fluorine-doped DLC's mechanical properties and found that a change of environment, particularly moisture, does not affect the frictional behaviors of fluorinated samples. Other studies have shown similar results [26][27][28]. This mostly due to the fact that the introduction of F atoms into the films enhances the formation of CF x bonds and induces strong electronegativity on the fluorine side.…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiessupporting

confidence: 67%

Structural and Mechanical Properties of Fluorine-Containing TaCxNy Thin Films Deposited by Reactive Magnetron Sputtering

Hsieh

et al. 2022

Coatings

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TaN thin-film coatings are well known for their good mechanical properties, acceptable toughness, as well as good biocompatibility. However, the friction coefficient of these films is sometimes too high, or the hemocompatibility is poor. The purpose of this study is to reduce the friction coefficient and increase the hydrophobicity of TaN coatings by introducing carbon and fluorine into the coatings. This study has never been conducted by other researchers. Fluorine-containing tantalum carbonitride (i.e., F–TaCxNy) top layers were deposited on TaN/Ta interlayers by reactive sputtering with fixed nitrogen and various hexafluoroethane (C2F6) mass flow rates. During the deposition process, C2F6 gas with various mass flow rates was added. After deposition, these F–TaCxNy multi-layered films were then characterized using XRD, XPS, FTIR, FESEM, WDS, a nano-indenter, a water contact-angle measurement system, and a tribometer. The tribological tests were carried out in the environment with and without humidity. The surface energies of the films were examined with water contact-angle variation. According to structural analysis, TaN phase would transform to TaCxNy with the increase in the C2F6 mass flow rate, which would result in a decrease in the friction coefficient and an increase in hydrophobicity. The films’ hardness (H, increased at most by 20%), elastic modulus (E), and H/E ratio first increased then decreased, most likely due to the increase in relatively soft C–F bonding. According to the results obtained from tribotesting, it was found that an increase in carbon and fluorine contents in the films reduces the friction by more than 30%, and wear rate by more than 50%. More importantly, the effects of moisture on the friction coefficient can be minimized to almost nothing. In a water contact-angle study, the contact angle increased from 60° to 85° with the increase in C2F6 mass flow rates. This evidence illustrated that hemocompatibility of the TaN thin film can be significantly enhanced through the formation of Ta–C and C–Fx bonding. The chemical composition and bonding status of these films, especially the existence of C–Fx bonds, were studied by FTIR and XPS. In sum, with the increased C2F6 mass flow rate, the carbon and fluorine contents in the films increased, while the nitrogen content decreased. The structure, bonding status, and compositions varied accordingly. The tribological behaviors were significantly improved. Furthermore, by carrying out tribotesting in humid air and a dry argon environment, it was confirmed that the greater the fluorine content, the less sensitive the films would be to environment change. This is attributable to the induced lower surface energy and reduced adsorption to water vapor due to the increase in C–Fx bonds. The successfully fabricated and studied F–TaCxNy films could be applied in many areas such as artificial blood vessels, or precision components in an atmospheric or vacuum environment.

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Section: Mechanical Propertiessupporting

confidence: 67%

Structural and Mechanical Properties of Fluorine-Containing TaCxNy Thin Films Deposited by Reactive Magnetron Sputtering

Hsieh

et al. 2022

Coatings

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“…Along with XPS, one of the indirect approaches to determine the bonding types of carbon materials is Raman spectroscopy. In general, two important peaks of G (~1550 cm − 1 ) and D (~1360 cm − 1 ) can be deconvoluted in Raman spectra of the DLC films [19,[35][36][37][38]. The D peak arises from the disordering of sp 2 carbon atoms in aromatic rings, while the G peak is allocated to the stretching of carbon-carbon bonds in aromatic rings and olefinic chains [18,39].…”

Section: Surface Chemistry Of the Filmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanically Robust Hydrophobic Fluorine-Doped Diamond-Like Carbon Film on Glass Substrate

Sharifahmadian¹,

Pakseresht²,

Mirzaei³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…DLC can be deposited on various types of matrix materials, such as alloys, stainless steel, glass, etc., and can provide corking mechanical protection [12][13][14]. However, there are few studies that apply it to the rubber field, and this is mainly due to the large difference in hardness between DLC and nitrile rubber (NBR) [15]. The hardness of DLC films is mostly 15-60 GPa, putting it in the category of hard films [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Study of Surface Structure and the Tribological Property of DLC-Modified NBR Elastomers Using DC-MS

Wang

et al. 2023

Coatings

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The DLC film was prepared on a nitrile rubber (NBR) elastomer by DC magnetron sputtering (DC-MS), and the sp3 ratio of the DLC film was adjusted by changing the negative bias voltage applied to the substrate. The microstructure, composition, and tribological properties of the DLC films deposited on NBR substrates were systematically investigated. The results reveal that the DLC film on the NBR surface can protect the NBR and reduce the surface roughness of the NBR. While the bias voltage ranges from 0 V to −150 V, the content of sp3 increases with an increase in the negative bias voltage. The viscoelasticity and roughness of the NBR substrate will greatly affect the DLC film’s adhesion strength and tribological behavior.

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Effect of Fluorine Incorporation on DLC Films Deposited by Pulsed Cathodic Arc Deposition on Nitrile Butadiene Rubber and Polyurethane Rubber Substrates

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

Structural and Mechanical Properties of Fluorine-Containing TaCxNy Thin Films Deposited by Reactive Magnetron Sputtering

Structural and Mechanical Properties of Fluorine-Containing TaCxNy Thin Films Deposited by Reactive Magnetron Sputtering

Mechanically Robust Hydrophobic Fluorine-Doped Diamond-Like Carbon Film on Glass Substrate

The Study of Surface Structure and the Tribological Property of DLC-Modified NBR Elastomers Using DC-MS

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