Effect of fouling organisms on food uptake and nutrient release of scallop (Chlamys nobilis, Reeve) cultured in Daya Bay

Abstract

Biofouling is an important factor that affects the bivalve farming industry. Fouling organisms may reduce growth and survival rate of the cultured species. Fouler are often filter feeders, so they are potential competitors for food resource with the cultured species. The present study was conducted to measure the impact of fouling on food uptake and nutrient release in April and June, 2006 in Daya Bay near Guangzhou, China. Results showed that fouling organisms had significant effect on food uptake and nutrient release. The chlorophyll a uptake rate of fouled scallops was 7.53 Lh -1 ± 1.416 Lh -1 and 11.94 Lh -1 ± 2.497 Lh -1 in April and June, respectively, significantly higher than those of cleaned scallops, i.e., 4.23 Lh -1 ± 2.744 Lh -1 and 2.57 Lh -1 ± 1.832 Lh -1 respectively. The consumption of total particulate matter by fouled scallops in April and June was 5.52 Lh -1 ± 0.818 Lh -1 and 3.07 Lh -1 ± 0.971 Lh -1 , respectively; the corresponding results for cleaned scallops are 2.49 Lh -1 ± 0.614 Lh -1 and 2.37 ± 1.214 Lh -1 , respectively. Fouling increased ammonia release significantly. The ammonia release rate of fouled scallops was 33.81 Lh -1 ±7.699 Lh -1 and 76.39 Lh -1 ± 9.251 Lh -1 in April and June, while cleaned scallops released 2.46 Lh -1 ± 0.511 Lh -1 and 7.23 Lh -1 ± 1.026 Lh -1 ammonia, respectively. Phosphate release of fouled scallops was 22.72 Lh -1 ± 9.978 Lh -1 in June and cleaned scallops released phosphate 6.01 Lh -1 ± 0.876 Lh -1 in April. Therefore, fouling contributed much to food reduction and concentration increase of ammonia and phosphate in water.

Impacts of the invasive ascidian Didemnum vexillum on green-lipped mussel Perna canaliculus aquaculture in New Zealand

“…Cultured shellfish are also particularly vulnerable to interference competition from overgrowth; colonial ascidians often create a physical barrier, compromising the opening of shellfish valves and reducing the availability of food to the shellfish underneath (Lesser et al 1992, Lodeiros & Himmelman 1996. Furthermore, direct competition for food resources has been demonstrated between ascidians and cultivated shellfish, including several species of oysters (Riisgård et al 1995), mussels (Le Blanc et al 2003, Daigle & Herbinger 2009, and scallops (Ross et al 2004, Su et al 2008.…”

A Way to Decrease the Negative Impact of Aquaculture on other Marine Inhabitants

“…5). Predators and species accompanying the scallop exert a substantial impact on the cultivated object and on marine cultures [19][20][21]. However, our technology is supported by the fact that the animals and plants within the collector-cages create a multicultural community: mollusks, seaweed, shrimp and sea urchins produce DOM (Dissolved Organic Matter) used as food by bacteria [22] and phytoplankton [23,24], on which bivalves actively feed [25,26].…”

Macroepibiosis of three species of scallops in the waters of southern Primorye

“…Естественные популяции пектинид в Арктике (Денисенко, Савинов, 1984; Наумов, 2006), Антарктике (Cerrano et al, 2006), Пацифике (Davis, White, 1994) и Атлантике (Fuller et al, 1998;Schejter, Bremec, 2007а, b) исследуют как дополнительные твердые субстраты, а их эпибиозы -как источник увеличения биоразнообразия на рыхлых грунтах. Особое внимание уделяют изучению эпибионтов в культивируемых поселениях различных видов гребешка на латиноамериканском шельфе (Uribe et al, 2001;Rupp, Parsons, 2006;Carraro et al, 2012) и у берегов Китая (Su Zhenxia et al, 2008).…”

“…Кроме того, выявляются симбиотические и конкурентные взаимоотношения гре-бешков с организмами-перфораторами (Овсянникова, 1989;Силина, Жукова, 2008;Silina, Zhukova, 2009) и конкурентные взаимоотношения с другими, сопутствующими гребешкам, видами Bivalvia (Gabaev, 2015). Анализируют воздействие эпибионтных животных на культивируемых базибионтов, особенно на ювенильных стадиях (Овсянникова, Левин, 1982; Габаев, 2013; и др.).…”