Effect of frailty on medication deviation during the hospital-family transition period in older patients with cardiovascular disease: An observational study

Abstract

Studies have shown that frailty increases cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence in older patients and is associated with poor patient prognosis. However, the relationship between medication deviation (MD) and frailty remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the influence of frailty on MD during the hospital-family transition period among older patients with CVD. Between February 2022 and February 2023, 231 older people CVD patients were selected from a class III hospital in Nantong City using a multi-stage sampling method. A general information questionnaire was used to collect the socio-demographic characteristics of the participants prior to discharge, the frailty assessment scale was used to assess the participants frailty, and a medication deviation instrument was used to assess the participants MD on the 10th day after discharge. Propensity score matching was used to examine the effect of frailty on MD in older patients with CVD during the hospital-family transition period. The incidences of frailty and MD were 32.9% (76/231) and 75.8% (175/231), respectively. After propensity score matching, the risk of MD in frail patients with CVD was 4.978 times higher than that in non-frail patients with CVD (95% CI: [1.616, 15.340]; P = .005). Incidences of frailty and MD during the hospital-family transition period are high in older patients with CVD, and frailty has an impact on MD. Medical staff in the ward should comprehensively examine older patients with CVD for frailty and actively promote quality medication management during the hospital-family transition period to reduce MD occurrence and delay disease progression.