Effect of Frequent Turning on Hatchability and Distribution of Embryo Mortality

Insko, W. M.; Martin, J. Holmes

doi:10.3382/ps.0120282

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The pattern for the early and late peaks displayed by pheasant eggs was similar to that seen in other poultry (Insko and Martin, 1933;Whitehead et al, 1985;Hocking and Bernard, 2000;French, 2000) and ratites (Deeming, 1995) with the highest losses occurring in the hatcher (21 to 25 d). By contrast, mortality during the middle of incubation in pheasants was exceptionally high.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…A typical pattern of embryonic mortality shows sharp peaks during the first and last days of development with low mortality during the intervening period. The size of the peaks is variable although during the last few days of development, mortality is usually higher (Insko and Martin, 1933;Whitehead et al, 1985;Deeming, 1995;Hocking and Bernard, 2000;French, 2000). In domestic turkeys these peaks were similar in magnitude (Christensen and Bagley, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Observations on the patterns of embryonic mortality over the laying season of pheasants

Deeming¹,

Wadland²

2001

British Poultry Science

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1. Embryonic mortality of domestic pheasant (Phasianus colchinus) eggs was recorded for a 10-week laying season for two groups of laying hens maintained under mating ratios of 8:1 and 12:1 (females:males). 2. Mating ratio had no significant effect on embryonic mortality between 1 and 4 or 5 and 20 d but values for these categories doubled as the laying season progressed, both rising to 8% to 9% of fertile eggs. 3. Higher embryonic mortality was observed between 21 and 25 d for the eggs from the 8:1 mating ratio (14.5% of fertile eggs compared with 12.1%) but this was unaffected by week of setting. 4. Reasons for these patterns of embryonic mortality were not clear and further research is needed to determine the factors affecting embryonic mortality in pheasants.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Observations on the patterns of embryonic mortality over the laying season of pheasants

Deeming¹,

Wadland²

2001

British Poultry Science

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“…The same discrepancy was noted for the LED's in both series and the MED's in the L series. Excess LED's are usually caused by nutritional deficiency, bacterial contamination and inappropriate incubation conditions [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. The MED's of the B series were within the expected quartile for a well-managed hatchery.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Fertility, Hatchability and Stage of Embryonic Death in Non-Hatching Eggs at Rubilizi National Hatchery

Mushonga¹,

Benimana²,

Kandiwa³

et al. 2017

Foc Sci

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Background: This study was undertaken to evaluate the major causes of mortality at different stages of incubation and their economic impact in response to sustainability challenges at the Rwandan National Hatchery. Methods: The study evaluated the fertility, hatchability and embryonic deaths in broiler-producing flocks (B series) and layer-producing flocks (L series) at Rubilizi, a state-owned hatchery in Kigali, Rwanda. Results: Mean fertility in the B series (94.23%) was not significantly different (P > 0.05) from that of the L series (93.24%). Mean hatchability in the B series (57.39%) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that of the L series (42.2%). Early embryonic deaths in the L series (8.6%) were significantly (P<0.05) higher than those in the B series (3.9%). Middle embryonic deaths in the L series (6.2%) were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those in the B series (1.8%). Late embryonic deaths in the L series (21.6%) were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those encountered in the B series (13.0%). The occurrence of hatch debris in the L series (34.14%) was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that in the B series (24.42%). There was no significant difference in the proportions of pips, rots and malformations/malpositions between the B and the L series (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Low hatchability in the L series possibly resulted from the higher number of embryonic deaths and hatch debris and not from reduced fertility or cull chicks. Total chick losses during the study amounted to US$54 327.00. The hatchery was experiencing more losses in layers than in broilers as emanating from low hatchability of the layers. Further investigations are needed with aim to maximise the hatchery's capacity.

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“…Assessment of the time of death following various turning schedules has led to the conclusion that a lack of turning at earlier stages can lead to adhesions between embryo and its shell membranes (Eycleshymer, 1907) and thus cause the death of the embryo by preventing normal functioning of the amnion (Randies and Romanoff, 1949) or normal development of the extra-embryonic membranes (New, 1957). Later deaths follow frequently from malpositioning of the embryo (Insko and Martin, 1933;Kaltofen, 1961). Deaths due to malpositions and other abnormalities were associated by Kaltofen (1961) with low turning frequencies at earlier stages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heart rate response to egg rotation in the domestic fowl embryo

Vince

Clarke

Reader

1979

British Poultry Science

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1. In eggs turned about 12 times daily, around the long axis of the egg and through about 180 degrees, significant increases in heart rate occurred during turning on the 15th and 17th, although not on the 16th, d of incubation. 2. On and after the 18th d heart rate increases were more marked and occurred both during and after turning. 3. When a single group of embryos was turned every day for the last 4 d of incubation there were significant increases in heart rate on the last 3 d: this repeated retesting had no effect on the response to turning.

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Effect of Frequent Turning on Hatchability and Distribution of Embryo Mortality

Cited by 21 publications

References 5 publications

Observations on the patterns of embryonic mortality over the laying season of pheasants

Observations on the patterns of embryonic mortality over the laying season of pheasants

Determination of Fertility, Hatchability and Stage of Embryonic Death in Non-Hatching Eggs at Rubilizi National Hatchery

Heart rate response to egg rotation in the domestic fowl embryo

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