Effect of fresh grass feeding, pasture grazing and organic/biodynamic farming on bovine milk triglyceride profile and implications for authentication

Capuano, Edoardo; Boerrigter-Eenling, Rita; Elgersma, A.; Ruth, Saskia M. van

doi:10.1007/s00217-013-2137-0

Cited by 16 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…TAG CN36, 38, 48 and 50 showed the highest values both in relative concentrations and in absolute amounts. Similar values have been reported in other studies where bulk milk was analyzed , Capuano et al, 2014. The coefficient of variation (C.V.) for relative concentrations was highest (>15%) for low (CN26-30) and high molecular weight TAG (CN52-54) and lowest (< 5%) for TAG CN38, which was the most abundant TAG.…”

Section: Variability Of Milk Fat Triacylglycerolssupporting

confidence: 69%

“…Most studies agree that the concentrations of individual TAGs vary among seasons and feeding regimes , Capuano et al, 2014. For instance, MF of cows in pasture is rich in unsaturated C18 FA, has a decreased relative concentration of TAG CN34,36,42,44 and 46 and has an increased relative concentration of TAG CN24, 26, 40, 50, 52 and 54, as compared with cows in a winter diet with no fresh grass (Capuano et al, 2014). A similar effect has been reported for cows with dietary oil supplementation .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The effect of feeding on MF TAG profile in pooled samples , Capuano et al, 2014 and the effect of DGAT1 K232A polymorphisms on the FA profile have been previously studied , however, no 26 2 information about variability of MF TAGs in a dairy cow population using individual samples, nor the effect of DGAT1 K232A polymorphism on TAG profile have been reported. Understanding the variability of MF TAG in a cow population and the role of FA composition, DGAT1 K232A polymorphism and milk productive traits on the variation of MF TAG profiles can help to find opportunities to modify physical properties of MF.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, predicting the functional properties of these products is difficult because these properties are influenced not only by FA composition, but also by the positioning of FA within the glycerol backbone and by the concentration of individual TAG species. Moreover, it is known that the concentration of FAs, the positioning of FAs within the TAG and the concentration of TAG species change among seasons and feeding regimes , Capuano et al, 2014. These characteristics of TAG are largely regulated by the availability of FA present in the system and by the enzymes involved in lipid synthesis, which respond to genetic factors .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MF rich in unsaturated C18 FA is obtained by diets rich in fresh grasses or with dietary oil supplementation , Capuano et al, 2014. In the Netherlands, diets rich in fresh grasses are typical for summer diets.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Milk fat triacyglycerols : their variabiblity, relations with fatty acids, DGAT1, B polymorphs and melting fractions

Tzompa‐Sosa¹

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Milk fat (MF) triacylglycerol composition varies within a population of dairy cows. The variability of MF triacylglycerols and their structure was partially explained by the fatty acid (FA) composition of the MF, and by DGAT1 K232A polymorphism. The FA C16:0 and C18:1cis-9 play a major role in understanding the changes seen in triacylglycerol profile and structure because they are the most abundant FAs in MF and are negatively correlated. MFs with low ratio C16:0/C18:1cis-9 were decreased in triacylglycerols with 34 and 36 carbons and were increased in triacylglycerols with 52 and 54 carbons. These changes in MF composition greatly affected the crystallization behavior of MF by changing the types of polymorphs formed during its crystallization. MF with low ratio C16:0/C18:1cis-9 formed stable and metastable polymorphs (β and β', respectively), whereas MF with high ratio C16:0/C18:1cis-9 formed exclusively metastable polymorphs (β') when the fat was crystallized at 20°C. The changes in MF composition also affected the melting behavior of MF by changing the melting point of the MF fractions.

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Section: Variability Of Milk Fat Triacylglycerolssupporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Milk fat triacyglycerols : their variabiblity, relations with fatty acids, DGAT1, B polymorphs and melting fractions

Tzompa‐Sosa¹

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Triacylglycerol Profile of Summer and Winter Bovine Milk Fat and the Feasibility of Triacylglycerol Fragmentation

Tzompa‐Sosa

Meurs

Valenberg

2018

Euro J Lipid Sci & Tech

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Bovine milk fat (MF) is considered to be one of the most complex fats, as it can consist of 400 FA which are non‐randomly esterified into the TAG molecule. This study aims to determine specific differences on MF TAG profile between summer and winter cow's milk, and to study the feasibility of TAG fragmentation on non‐chemically hydrogenated MF using MALDI‐TOF/TOF MS with post source decay. The most notable discrimination between summer and winter MF is seen in polyunsaturated TAG, which are more abundant in summer. The feasibility of MF TAG fragmentation in non‐chemically hydrogenated TAG is assessed using bulk MF and TAG previously separated according to degree of unsaturation. This last approach shows to be the most suitable. We show that sample concentration and abundance ratio with neighboring TAG affects TAG fragmentation. Non‐chemically hydrogenated MF TAG has not been previously fragmented. Furthermore, this is the first time that the conditions affecting TAG fragmentation in MF are reported. Practical Application: TAG constitute the fundamental unit of fat crystals. Hence, fat crystal network is affected by variations in TAG profile. Understanding the variability of MF TAG profile between seasons may help to explain differences on crystallization behavior seen through the year in industrial processes. Moreover, TAG fragmentation allows determination of FA composition of individual TAG. This information is needed when studying the mechanism of FA acylation into TAG. For instance, when studying the effect of genetic variation of diacylglycerol acyl transferase isomer one in cows. The reported technique increases the capacity of MALDI‐TOF MS in lipidomic analysis. This study aims to determine specific differences in milk‐fat triacylglycerol (TAG) profiles between summer and winter cow's milk, and to study the feasibility of TAG fragmentation on non‐chemically hydrogenated milk fat using MALDI‐TOF/TOF MS with post source decay.

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Automated micro‐solid‐phase extraction clean‐up of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in food oils for analysis by gas chromatography–orbital ion trap mass spectrometry

Eyring

Preiswerk²,

Frandsen

et al. 2020

J of Separation Science

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Food can contain unwanted compounds and need to be analyzed for compounds like carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to ensure consumer safety. The analytes need to be extracted from the sample matrix and cleaned‐up to enable detection. However, established methods for clean‐up are labor intensive and have a high expenditure on organic solvents. Here, we show a newly developed micro‐solid‐phase extraction cartridge method to automate the clean‐up for analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sunflower oil using gas chromatography with quadrupole‐orbitrap mass spectrometry with a TriPlus autosampler. This automated micro‐solid‐phase extraction cartridge method needs only 4 μL of vegetable oil sample and requires only 360 μL acetonitrile for elution, and, therefore, it needs only small amounts of organic solvent. Two different micro‐solid‐phase extraction cartridge methods were developed, one using two commercially available cartridges with florisil and octadecylsilane/Z‐Sep/CarbonX, and the other method using one commercially available cartridge with florisil followed by one self‐made cartridge with octadecylsilane/Z‐Sep. The latter method showed successful lipid removal and was further validated for 22 of 24 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds in sunflower oil at a spiked level of 1090 μg/kg with recoveries ranging from 53 to 118% and relative standard deviation below 22%. This method shows promising short‐time clean‐up with low expenditure of solvents.

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Effect of fresh grass feeding, pasture grazing and organic/biodynamic farming on bovine milk triglyceride profile and implications for authentication

Cited by 16 publications

References 16 publications

Milk fat triacyglycerols : their variabiblity, relations with fatty acids, DGAT1, B polymorphs and melting fractions

Milk fat triacyglycerols : their variabiblity, relations with fatty acids, DGAT1, B polymorphs and melting fractions

Triacylglycerol Profile of Summer and Winter Bovine Milk Fat and the Feasibility of Triacylglycerol Fragmentation

Automated micro‐solid‐phase extraction clean‐up of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in food oils for analysis by gas chromatography–orbital ion trap mass spectrometry

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