Effect of Gender on Radiation-Induced Cataractogenesis

Henderson, M.; Valluri, Shailaja; DesRosiers, Colleen; Lopez, Jennifer T.; Batuello, Christopher N.; Caperell-Grant, Andrea; Mendonca, Marc S.; Powers, Eva Marie; Bigsby, Robert M.; Dynlacht, Joseph R.

doi:10.1667/rr1589.1

Cited by 28 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Surprisingly, nevertheless, the increased incidence of radiation cataractogenesis in male rats compared to female rats exposed to low-LET c-rays could not be attributed to estrogen levels, since no difference in cataract incidence was detected between male rats implanted with empty silastic capsules and those implanted with capsules containing 17-b-estradiol (72). However, since the incidence and rate of progression of radiation-induced cataracts was significantly increased in rats exposed to 1 Gy of high-LET 600 MeV 56 Fe ions and in which estrogen was available from endogenous or exogenous sources, it is possible that different types of damage caused by highand low-LET irradiation may be influenced differentially by steroid sex hormones (73).…”

Section: Potential Role Of Hormonal Modulation In Age-and Gender-relamentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Recent studies by Henderson et al (72) indicate that the incidence of radiation-induced cataracts was significantly increased in male rats when compared to female rats exposed to low-LET radiation. This would suggest there is a gender-related difference in radiation-induced cataractogenesis, but there was no difference in the rate of cataract progression between males and females.…”

Section: Gender and Radiosensitivity Of The Lensmentioning

confidence: 98%

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The Role of Age, Sex and Steroid Sex Hormones in Radiation Cataractogenesis

Dynlacht¹

2013

Radiation Research

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It is critical to identify and gain a better understanding of the factors that enhance or reduce the risk of cataractogenesis, to minimize the possibility of occurrence after deliberate (e.g., radiation therapy, interplanetary travel) or unintentional exposure to ionizing radiation. Both gender and age at the time of exposure have been established as key determinants of cataractogenesis induced by sparsely ionizing (low-LET) and densely ionizing (high-LET) radiation. However, animal data from several older studies are often conflicting and somewhat difficult to interpret, in that the experiments suffered from small group sizes, limited dose ranges or short periods of observation, and human data are sparse or statistical significance is sometimes limited. Steroid sex hormones (SSH) may underlie age and gender-based differences in the progression and prevalence of cataracts that otherwise occur spontaneously in humans and animal models, and may also underlie age and sex-related differences in radiation cataractogenesis. Here, we review data that have aided in our understanding of the role of age, sex and steroid sex hormones in radiation cataractogenesis.

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Section: Potential Role Of Hormonal Modulation In Age-and Gender-relamentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Gender and Radiosensitivity Of The Lensmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Role of Age, Sex and Steroid Sex Hormones in Radiation Cataractogenesis

Dynlacht¹

2013

Radiation Research

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“…More recently, in a series of papers, the contribution of gender and sex hormones to the development of radiation cataract, and the possibility of both negative and positive radioprotective effects of oestrogen in Co-60 gamma-irradiated rat eyes has been described (Dynlacht et al, 2006(Dynlacht et al, , 2008Henderson et al, 2009).…”

Section: Animal Models Of Radiation Cataractmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation cataract

Kleiman

2012

Ann ICRP

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Until very recently, ocular exposure guidelines were based on the assumption that radiation cataract is a deterministic event requiring threshold doses generally greater than 2 Gy. This view was, in part, based on older studies which generally had short follow-up periods, failed to take into account increasing latency as dose decreased, had relatively few subjects with doses below a few Gy, and were not designed to detect early lens changes. Newer findings, including those in populations exposed to much lower radiation doses and in subjects as diverse as astronauts, medical workers, atomic bomb survivors, accidentally exposed individuals, and those undergoing diagnostic or radiotherapeutic procedures, strongly suggest dose-related lens opacification at significantly lower doses. These observations resulted in a recent re-evaluation of current lens occupational exposure guidelines, and a proposed lowering of the presumptive radiation cataract threshold to 0.5 Gy/year and the occupational lens exposure limit to 20 mSv/year, regardless of whether received as an acute, protracted, or chronic exposure. Experimental animal studies support these conclusions and suggest a role for genotoxicity in the development of radiation cataract. Recent findings of a low or even zero threshold for radiation-induced lens opacification are likely to influence current research efforts and directions concerning the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this pathology. Furthermore, new guidelines are likely to have significant implications for occupational and/or accidental exposure, and the need for occupational eye protection (e.g. in fields such as interventional medicine).

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“…With moderate-dose orbital RT (30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45), the time from radiotherapy to dry eye syndrome was reported to be 4 to 11 years, whereas with higher doses (>57 Gy), corneal vascularization and opacification secondary to ocular dryness were usually apparent within 9 to 10 months (18). Very rarely, dry eye syndrome complicated by secondary infection can cause ocular perforation.…”

Section: Late Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%