Effect of Genital Tuberculosis on Ovarian Reserve

Jirge, Padma Rekha; Clinic, Sushrut Assisted Conception

doi:10.17925/use.2020.16.2.104

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…The poor outcomes seen during the intrauterine insemination or IVF cycle, especially in response to ovulation induction, may be caused by MTB's toxic effects on ovarian reserve. [ 14 ] The assessment of ovarian reserve is considered one of the routine tests before starting IVF cycle to predict ovarian response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Effect of Female Genital Tuberculosis on Ovarian Reserve Parameters

Richa,

Anjali,

Sonal

et al. 2023

Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences

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A BSTRACT Background: Female genital tuberculosis (FGTB) is a known cause of female infertility. Worldwide incidence is 5%–10% and annual burden in India is around 4%–7%. It is known to cause tubal and endometrial damage. However, the effect on ovarian damage is poorly known. The availability of ovarian markers has contributed to an improved understanding of ovarian reserve in FGTB. Aims: The aim of this study was to assess ovarian reserve by measuring anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) and antral follicle count (AFC) amongst infertile women and analyse the effect of GTB on ovarian reserve parameters. Settings and Design: This was a prospective study at a tertiary referral centre for infertility for 18 months. Materials and Methods: A total of 133 infertile women who underwent diagnostic hysterolaparoscopy and cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test testing of an endometrial biopsy were included in the study. AMH and AFC of all the infertile women were assessed and compared between cases with and without FGTB. Statistical Analysis Used: Independent t -test was used to find the outcome differences in the distribution of values. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Fifty-eight (43.6%) cases were diagnosed with FGTB (Group I), and 75 (56.3%) cases were without FGTB (Group II). The mean AMH level 1.88 ng/ml (±1.52) and mean AFC 9.0 (±5.50) were significantly lower ( P < 0.001) in Group I than in Group II with AMH 3.57 ng/ml (±2.93) and AFC 12.50 (±6.0). Conclusion: In women with prolonged infertility and low ovarian reserve, FGTB should be ruled out. Early diagnosis and treatment of GTB may prevent further decline of ovarian reserve and improve the reproductive outcome.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Effect of Female Genital Tuberculosis on Ovarian Reserve Parameters

Richa,

Anjali,

Sonal

et al. 2023

Journal of Human Reproductive Sciences

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“…33,37 FGTB can also cause defective ovarian function. 38 Patients with FGTB usually have an endocrine disorder, chronic anovulation, oocyte defect, poor quality of embryos, lower progesterone secretion, implantation failure, a lower pregnancy rate, and a higher abortion rate. Additionally, FGTB damages endometrial receptivity, and promotes endometrial vascularization, atrophy, and synechiae.…”

Section: Fgtb and Infertilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging progress on diagnosis and treatment of female genital tuberculosis

Wang

Shao

et al. 2021

J Int Med Res

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Female genital tuberculosis (FGTB) is an infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and usually occurs secondary to pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) through the blood circulation, lymph circulation, or direct spreading from abdominal TB. FGTB is an uncommon type of TB that can destroy genital organs, and lead to menstrual disorders and infertility. The diagnosis of FGTB is often made by detection of acid-fast bacilli under microscopy, culture with endometrial biopsy, or histopathological examination of epithelioid granuloma on a biopsy. A multidrug anti-TB regimen is the major management of FGTB, including rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol, while surgery is proposed in more deteriorated cases. However, the conception rate in infertile women with FGTB is still low, even after multidrug anti-TB therapy. Additionally, the risk of complications, such as ectopic pregnancy or miscarriage, remains high. In this review, we summarize the characteristics of FGTB, present current epidemiological data, and focus on its early diagnosis and effective management.

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“…In tropical countries like India, where tuberculosis (TB) and other infectious diseases are widespread, the role of infectious diseases in causing infertility becomes a prominent consideration as indicated by several studies [5,[8][9][10]. Genital infections (sexually transmitted, postpartum, post-abortion infections and secondary infections e.g., TB) may cause a wide spectrum of conditions like vaginitis, cervicitis, dyspareunia and PID [11,12], endometriosis and other endometrial disorders [5,13], PCOS/PCOD, ovarian atresia or cysts and anovulation [14,15]. These infections are generally chronic in nature and cause inflammation and irreversible scarring of the reproductive tract leading to sub-fertility, infertility, recurrent abortions, low birth weight, pre-term birth, stillbirth, maternal and infant mortality [5,9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cross-sectional questionnaire-based landscaping of female infertility reveals genital Infections as a major contributor to reproductive tract anomalies, menstrual disorders, and infertility

Patnaik,

Sarkar,

Jojula

et al. 2023

Preprint

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ObjectivesFemale infertility is a global health concern. The association of genital infections with female infertility is neglected due to their chronic but asymptomatic nature. Lack of routine diagnosis and delay in treatment further causes intractable pathological sequalae and consequential infertility. This study aims to identify the most significant prognostic symptoms of genital infection(s) that correlate strongly with reproductive tract anomalies, menstrual disorders, and infertility.MethodsWe designed a detailed questionnaire and conducted a cross-sectional study with 100 female subjects, categorized into infertile (n1 = 62) and healthy groups (n2 = 38). The data collected was documented and statistically analyzed.ResultsThis study highlights an early onset of infertility (21-30 years). Almost 27% of the infertile subjects are symptomatic for genital infections and ∼42% exhibit menstrual irregularities. Polycystic ovarian syndrome/disease (PCOS/PCOD, ∼30%), are observed to be the most predominant disorders followed by endometrial disorders (∼10%) and tubal damage (∼8%) in infertile subjects. A multivariate correlation analysis revealed a highly significant (p≤ 0.05) and strong association (0.15 < Φ ≤ 1.0) between menstrual disorders, endometrial disorders, uterine/tubal blockage, and hormonal disruption with infection-associated symptoms, such as vaginitis, cervicitis, pelvic inflammatory disorder (PID), dyspareunia, tuberculosis (TB), urinary tract infection (UTI), sperm, and semen abnormalities.ConclusionsOur study reveals genital infections to be a significant contributor to female infertility. The questionnaire designed here offers a useful tool for self or clinical assessment and may help in timely prognosis/diagnosis of genital infections which may contribute to improved management of reproductive health and fertility.SynopsisThe study reveals impact of genital infections on female infertility and offers a comprehensive questionnaire-based tool for an early self/clinical prognosis of infection induced infertility.

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Effect of Genital Tuberculosis on Ovarian Reserve

Cited by 4 publications

References 78 publications

Analysis of the Effect of Female Genital Tuberculosis on Ovarian Reserve Parameters

Analysis of the Effect of Female Genital Tuberculosis on Ovarian Reserve Parameters

Emerging progress on diagnosis and treatment of female genital tuberculosis

A cross-sectional questionnaire-based landscaping of female infertility reveals genital Infections as a major contributor to reproductive tract anomalies, menstrual disorders, and infertility

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