Effect of Genotype and Explant Age on Callus Induction and Subsequent Plant Regeneration from Root-derived Callus of Indica Rice Genotypes

Osmotic stress stimulates shoot organogenesis in callus of rice (Oryza sativa L.) via auxin signaling and carbohydrate metabolism regulation

“…Many factors affect shoot regeneration in plant tissue culture: such as genotype Glowacha et al 2010;Park et al 2011), exogenous and endogenous hormones (Jiménez 2005;Barreto et al 2010;Sun and Hong 2010;Huang et al 2012), carbon sources (Huang and Liu 1998;Iraqi et al 2005;Huang et al 2006;Silva 2010;Feng et al 2010), and osmotic requirements (Geng et al 2008;Pan et al 2010;Huang et al 2012). Despite many shoot regeneration and transformation protocols developed in rice culture, the regeneration frequency is low and varies highly among cultivars (Al-Khayri et al 1996;Hoque and Mansfied 2004;Khaleda and Al-Forkan 2006;Zhao et al 2011). The regeneration ability of non-regenerable rice callus could be promoted by treatment with an osmotic agent such as sorbitol or mannitol Geng et al 2008;Feng et al 2011).…”

Effect of air desiccation and salt stress factors on in vitro regeneration of rice (Oryza sativaL.)

“…[23][24][25] A comprehensive study on rice genotypes for both callus induction and plant regeneration has been done for 500 rice varieties by Kamia et al 26 The identification and screening of useful cultivars for embryogenic callus formation and subsequent plant regeneration through in vitro system is a key step in rice genetic improvement. 27,28 An efficient plant regeneration in Bangladeshi indica rice is still poses a major problem for genetic manipulation through innovative approaches. 14,29 The optimal desiccation periods were 72 h and 48 h for Malaysian rice cultivars of MR232 and MR220 respectively, where plant regeneration enhanced up to 2-5 folds.…”

“…To regenerate in vitro plant for indica rice genotypes genetic effect along with the age of explants has been reported earlier by Hoque and Mansfield. 27 Such effect was noticed in sugarcane, 62 coffee, 63 rice, 64,65 Primula ssp 66 However, genetic variability, optimal air desiccation and suitable age of calli might play a vital role to enhance regeneration in rice genotypes. Although at optimum level of desiccation promote the regeneration, yet over desiccation suppressed to embryo formation as well as plant regeneration.…”

Identification of Callus Induction Potential of 15 Indonesian Rice Genotypes

“…Type I callus is white and cream colored compact organized callus, type II is a yellow organized callus, type III is a yellow or brown unorganized callus, and the type IV is highly unorganized white, yellow or brown callus. Type-I and-II calluses are embryogenic and can be induced from tissues of various organs such as immature seeds (Masuda et al, 1989), immature embryos (Koetje et al, 1989), and roots (Abe and Futsuhara, 1985;Hoque and Mansfi eld, 2004). The type-III callus is dark and necrotic.…”

“…In general, immature embryos and meristematic tissues, having undifferentiated cells, are suitable for callus induction and plant regeneration than mature tissues (Morrish et al, 1987). However, such explants are available only in a restricted period of the growth cycle in the rice plant (Hoque and Mansfi eld, 2004), and to obtain such explants all year round, we have to grow the plants in a greenhouse. However, embryos of mature seeds are available throughout the year, and are more suitable for rice callus culture.…”