Effect of Genotype, Explant and Hormonal Concentration on in Vitro Response of Eggplant

Abstract

Three wild relatives Solanum: S. trilobatum L. (P1), S. indicum L. (P2), S. surattense Burm F. (P3) and four cultivars of S. melongena L.: 'Pusa Kranthi' (P4), 'Pusa purple long' (P5), 'Pusa purple cluster' (P6) and 'Green round' (P7) were evaluated for their callus induction frequency, total callus quantity, embryogenic callus quantity and plant regeneration ability. The present experiment revealed that in vitro response was significantly affected by the genotype, hormonal concentration and age of the explants (P<0.05). Cotyledon at walking stick stage of explants responded more than the opened leaves stage in all genotypes except in P1. Out of seven genotypes, P3 exhibited the highest callus induction, E-callus and regeneration response followed by P5 while highest total callus quantity obtained in P4. MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/l NAA+2.5 mg/l BAP was optimum for callus initiation, total callus quantity and embryogenic callus formation, and MS medium supplemented with 2.5 mg/l each BAP and KN were optimum for regeneration. Rooting of shoots occurred on half strength MS medium supplemented with 1 and 1.5 mg/l IBA respectively. The rooted plant lets were well accomplished with a survival frequency of 85.5±5%. Moreover, there were no phenotypic differences observed between the in vitro regenerated and in vivo plantlets.

Análise da capacidade de enraizamento in vitro de Calophyllum brasiliense utilizando marcadores RAPD

“…According to Gahan and George (2008), the plant genotype has a marked effect on the behavior of plant tissues, so it is possible to obtain plants with improved performance in all aspects of culture. In the case of eggplant seeds, for example, seven genotypes tested showed variation in their in vitro responses, with increased productivity of some specific genotypes (CHAKRAVARTHI et al 2010). This relationship between genotypes and in vitro responsiveness is well documented for several commercial cultivars such as maize, barley and rice (as reviewed by XOCONOSTLE-CÁZARES, 2011).…”

“…According to Chakravarthi et al (2010), several intrinsic and extrinsic factors influence tissue culture responses, especially the nature and age of the explant, genotype, type and concentration of growth regulators. Different varieties and plant genotypes may differ in their requirements for growth regulators, particularly auxin, in the culture medium .…”

“…However, the high genetic variability of mother plants results in great variation of responses when their tissues are cultured in vitro and this amenability to in vitro culture is considered an inheritable trait (HENRY et al, 1994). In vitro responses can therefore be genotype-dependent, as in the case of flax (CHAKRAVARTY; SRIVASTAVA, 1997), cowpea (BRAR et al, 1999), sorghum (ARUSELVI; KRISHNAVENI, 2009) and eggplant (CHAKRAVARTHI et al, 2010). The analysis of the relationship between genotypes and in vitro responses is unusual for native forest species, and is primarily restricted to commercial cultivars.…”

“…This approach was previously applied to many species with the same class of genetic dominant marker (RAPD) such as Populus deltoides (RANI et al, 1995), Linum usitatissimum (CHAKRAVARTY; SRIVASTAVA, 1997), Vigna unguiculata (BRAR et al, 1999), Sorghum bicolor (ARUSELVI; KRISHNAVENI, 2009), Solanum melongena (CHAKRAVARTHI et al, 2010), Gypsophila paniculata (BARATAK; EL-SAMMAK, 2011) and Prunus armeniaca (SOLIMAN, 2012). In the case of Calophyllum brasiliense, RAPD markers were already used to collect basic genetic information on the natural population aiming at the selection of matrices (SCHÜHLI et al, 2013).…”

Tissue culture and genetic analysis of somaclonal variations of Solanum melongena L. cv. Nirrala

“…Similarly, direct regeneration was observed during the course of callus developmenton media C3 ( Figure 3A). Chkravarthi et al [44] also found that the concentrations of BAP ranging from 0.5-3.5 mg L -1 induced direct regeneration instead of callus induction. Whereas the medium C12 supplemented with 2.0 mg L -1 NAA + 0.5 mg L -1 BAP was found to be quite effective for the proliferation of callus as compared to other media types ( Figure 3B-C).…”