Arsenicosis
was recognized over 104 years ago. Elevated arsenic
(As) concentrations in water is faced by about 200 million people
worldwide and has become one of the biggest challenges in the context
of water purification. Providing sustainable and affordable solutions
to tackle this menace is a need of the hour. Adsorption on advanced
materials is increasingly being recognized as a potential solution.
Here, we report various functionalized microcellulose-reinforced 2-line
ferrihydrite composites which show outstanding As(III) and As(V) adsorption
capacities. Green synthesis of the composite yields granular media
with high mechanical strength which show faster adsorption kinetics
in a wide pH range, irrespective of the presence of other interfering
ions in water. The composites and their interaction with As(III) and
As(V) were studied by XRD, HRTEM, SEM, XPS, Raman, TG, and IR spectroscopy.
Performance of the media in the form of cartridge reaffirms its utility
for point-of-use water purification. We show that cellulose microstructures
are more efficient than corresponding nanostructures for the purpose
of arsenic remediation. We have also performed an evaluation of several
sustainability metrics to understand the “greenness”
of the composite and its manufacturing process.