Effect of glucagon on secretin-stimulated bile flow

Dl, Kaminski; Mj, Ruwart; Jellinek, Max

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1975.229.6.1480

Cited by 29 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The observed effects of secretin on bile flow and composition are similar to those found in conscious dogs given the same amount of secretin (Preisig, Cooper and Wheeler 1962, Jones and Grossman 1969, Jones, Geist and Hall 1971, Soloway et al 1972, Russell, Searle and Jones 1975and Kaminski, Ruwart and Jellinek 1975. This indicates that the anesthesia applied is without major importance for the choleretic effect of secretin.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

The effect of secretin on bile production, splanchnohepatic hemodynamics and liver function in cats

Larsen

Krarup

1978

Acta Physiologica Scandinavica

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The effect of secretin on bile flow, biliary clearance of 14C-erythritol and bile composition was studied in fasting, chloralose anesthetized cats. Secretin (2 U.kg-1 . h-1) increased from values below the values above the erythritol clearance, which did not change significantly. It is therefore concluded that secretin altered ductular transfer of fluid from a net reabsorption to a net secretion of a bicarbonate rich fluid. Secretin did not affect the sphlanchno-hepatic hemodynamics or the overall function of the liver and Indomethacin did not significantly alter the response to secretin.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

The effect of secretin on bile production, splanchnohepatic hemodynamics and liver function in cats

Larsen

Krarup

1978

Acta Physiologica Scandinavica

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“…The infusion into the duodenum of progressively increasing amounts of acid was associated with increases in bile volume, bile chloride and bicarbonate secretion, and plasma secretin concentrations (Figure 2). These bile and electrolyte changes are compatible with those produced by exogenous secretin administration (22). Prostacyclin augumented the choleretic response produced by acid in the duodenum as well as increasing basal bile flow (Figure 2).…”

Section: Chronic Experimentssupporting

confidence: 69%

“…The remaining bile samples were collected for determination of bile bicarbonate, sodium, chloride and bile salt concentration as described previously (22).…”

Section: Materials and Methods Chronic Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considerable interest has developed regarding the mediation of hormonally produced changes in bile flow by cyclic AMP. This interest is raised by the finding that bile has a thousand times greater concentration of cyclic AMP than does plasma (37) (Figure 31, and certain hormones, such as glucagon, which increase bile flow (22), have previously been shown to have their effect in other systems mediated by cyclic AMP (38).…”

Section: Acute Experiments (Figure 3)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of Prostacyclin on Canine Hepatic Bile Flow

Kaminski

Deshpande

1984

Hepatology

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The effect of prostacyclin on canine hepatic bile flow was evaluated. Utilizing chronic, unanesthetized bile fistula dogs, prostacyclin was found to significantly increase bile flow rates and bile bicarbonate and cyclic AMP concentration and output when compared to control values. The choleretic response was not due to the effect of the principal metabolic endproduct of prostacyclin, 6-keto-PGF1 alpha, as this substance increased bile flow but did not increase bicarbonate or cyclic AMP concentrations in bile. Prostacyclin did not increase [14C]erythritol clearance in bile suggesting that it stimulates bile duct secretion rather than the bile salt-independent fraction of canalicular bile. To ascertain if a relationship exists between the bicarbonate-rich choleresis produced by prostacyclin and that produced by secretin, the effects of prostacyclin and indomethacin on the choleresis produced by endogenous secretin stimulation were evaluated. During intraduodenal acid infusion, prostacyclin significantly increased bile flow. The increase was not secondary to increased secretin release as plasma secretin levels were not significantly changed from control levels. Prostaglandin synthetase inhibition by indomethacin administration did not alter the choleresis produced by intraduodenal acid. The prostacyclin-induced changes in bile flow were further evaluated in acute experiments in anesthetized dogs during which the effects of prostacyclin on systemic blood pressure, hepatic blood flow and cyclic AMP metabolism could be simultaneously determined. The choleresis produced by prostacyclin occurred in the presence of decreased systemic arterial blood pressure and hepatic blood flow. The increased bile cyclic AMP secretion produced by prostacyclin was not associated with increases in systemic or hepatogenous cyclic AMP. Prostacyclin increases canine bile flow and bicarbonate secretion, a process which may be mediated by cyclic AMP. The choleresis is not secondary to changes in hepatic blood flow or secretin release.

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“…Most of the investigative effort, however, has focused on the effect of glucagon, a known stimulator of adenylate cyclase. Several reports (10, 42, 93,98,103,109,143) indicate that glucagon is a moderately effective choleretic in man and dogs, but few directly address the question of whether this fl ow arises in the canaliculi or the ducts-an issue of special significance in view of the structural similarity between glucagon and secretin and a recent report (109) that secretin increases the biliary excretion of cAMP in man and baboons, though not in dogs. Barnhart (10) fo und equivalent increases in erythritol clearance and bile fl ow during glucagon choleresis in anesthetized dogs, but Russell (143), who used conscious dogs could not distinguish the changes in erythritol clearance during glucagon choleresis from those produced by secretin, although the choleresis produced by taurocholate was easily identified on this basis.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Canalicular Fluid Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of Hepatic Bile Formation

Forker¹

1977

Annu. Rev. Physiol.

163

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It should be evident from this review of recent investigations that we are still very far from a consistent description of bile formation, much less a satisfactory understanding. Nevertheless certain broad conclusions emerge. Four distinct kinds of active solute transport can be identified, and because bile always has nearly the same osmotic pressure as plasma, each of them is a determinant of bile flow. 1. Concentrative transport of water-soluble organic constituents, of which bile acids are quantitatively most important, occurs in the canaliculi accompanied by the passive flow of water and inorganic electrolytes. Owing to micelle formation the osmotic force for this flow is largely attributable to Na+ ions that accompany the bile acids anions. 2. The canalicular flow obligated by the excretion of bile acids is supplemented by the entry of additional fluid, the so-called bile acid-independent canalicular fraction. Because no organic component has been identified to account for this phenomenon, the active transport of one or more inorganic ions is probably responsible. The limited evidence available at present suggests that Na+ ions is the most likely candidate. 3. The extralobular biliary epithelium can modify the flow and composition of bile by the reabsorption of inorganic ions--a process which resembles reabsorption from the gallbladder in the sense that bile in the lumen remains iso-osmotic with plasma while bile acids and the other organic constituents are concentrated. 4. Under the influence of secretin, and to a lesser degree other intestinal hormones, the ducts or ductules can secrete additional fluid in which HCO3- is concentrated with respect to plasma. A fifth component of bile is generated by the canalicular excretion of phospholipid and cholesterol, but these are insoluble in water and are incorporated into micelles, and, therefore exert no osmotic force. The existence of these processes is inferred from studies of many different species, and it should be emphasized that the picture is a composite one. For example, distal fluid reabsorption has been convincingly demonstrated only in dogs and monkeys, and secretin is not a choleretic in rats or rabbits. It should also be clear that the actual mechanisms of solute transport remain poorly defined. Thus the term active transport in the present context should be thought of in its general thermodynamic sense rather than as denoting any particular transport mechanism. For the future, the most pressing problems are methodologic. To mention only three that seem especially important: ways must be found to sample bile closer to its origin; the proper interpretation of studies with isolated liver cell membranes will require unambiguous methods to certify their source; and descriptions of transport kinetics must somehow be refined to reflect the effective intracellular concentration of solutes as well as their distribution within the liver lobule.

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Effect of glucagon on secretin-stimulated bile flow

Cited by 29 publications

References 0 publications

The effect of secretin on bile production, splanchnohepatic hemodynamics and liver function in cats

The effect of secretin on bile production, splanchnohepatic hemodynamics and liver function in cats

The Effects of Prostacyclin on Canine Hepatic Bile Flow

Mechanisms of Hepatic Bile Formation

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