Effect of glutamine on the growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, absorption function, and mRNA expression of intestinal transporters in heat-stressed chickens

Wu, Qiu Jue; Jiao, C; Liu, Zhi Hao; Cheng, Bin; Liao, Jia Hui; Zhu, Dengya; Ma, Yan; Li, Yuan Xiao; Li, Wang

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.12.002

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In broilers, decreased ability of the intestine to digest and absorb nutrients due to HS was one of the major causes of low BWG [ 60 ]. Additional glutamine was associated with beneficial effects such as promoting growth and development of the digestive system [ 36 ]. Supplementation of glutamine in the diet also maintained intestinal lymphocyte functions and increased metabolic activity and proliferation of enterocytes [ 61 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Dietary Glutamine Supplementation on Heat-Induced Oxidative Stress in Broiler Chickens: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In avian species, heat stress (HS) is usually the result of being exposed to high ambient temperatures, whereas oxidative stress (OS) results from the overproduction of reactive oxygen species. The current literature suggests that HS often leads to OS. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effects of dietary supplementation of glutamine on the antioxidant status and growth performances in heat-stressed broilers. A total of 13 studies were deemed eligible after an exhaustive search of the literature from Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus. Briefly, the following criteria were used to select the studies: trials performed on broilers; publication in peer-review journals using English as the text language; and sufficient details about the design and inclusion of dietary glutamine as a treatment for HS. Two main categories of outcomes were extracted from the studies included in the review: growth parameters and OS markers. For the meta-analysis, a random effect model was used when the heterogeneity was higher than 50%, and a fixed effect model was applied otherwise. Pooled standardized mean differences (SMD), and mean differences (MD) with their confidence intervals (CI) from the studies revealed that dietary glutamine could increase body weight gain (SMD = 0.70, CI = 0.50 to 0.90, p < 0.05), and feed intake (FI) (SMD = 0.64, CI = 0.43 to 0.86, p < 0.05), and reduce the feed conversion ratio (MD = −0.05, CI = −0.07 to −0.02, p < 0.05) in heat-exposed birds. Additionally, higher glutamine (SMD = 1.21, CI = 1.00 to 1.43, p < 0.05), glutathione (SMD = 1.25, CI = 0.88 to 1.62, p < 0.05), superoxide dismutase (SOD) (SMD = 0.97, CI = 0.58 to 1.36, p < 0.05), and catalase (SMD = 0.94, CI = 0.72 to 1.16, p < 0.05) levels were recorded in the serum, breast, and thigh muscle after supplementation of glutamine. Furthermore, the subgroup analysis revealed that malondialdehydes levels were decreased only in the serum (SMD = −0.83, CI = −1.25 to −0.41, p < 0.001) and thigh muscle (SMD = −1.30, CI = −1.86 to −0.35, p < 0.001) while glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity was increased in the breast (SMD = 1.32, CI = 0.95 to 1.68, p < 0.05) and thigh muscle (SMD = 1.53, CI = 1.06 to 1.99, p < 0.05). Meta-regression models indicated that longer periods of heat exposure were inversely associated with the effectiveness of dietary glutamine in increasing FI, GPX, and SOD (p < 0.05). Besides, increasing the dietary concentration of glutamine led to higher GPX and SOD levels (p < 0.05). Taken together, results suggest that dietary supplementation of glutamine can effectively mitigate the deleterious effects of HS by enhancing the antioxidant status and increasing growth performances in broilers.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Dietary Glutamine Supplementation on Heat-Induced Oxidative Stress in Broiler Chickens: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…All data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (mean ± SD). The data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA), followed by least significant difference (LSD) multiple comparison tests with SPSS version 21.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) ( 23 ). Difference between samples was considered to be significant when p < 0.05.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycerol Monolaurate to Ameliorate Efficacy of Inactivated Pseudorabies Vaccine

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The present study is aimed to evaluate the effect of glycerol monolaurate (GML) on the growth performance and immune enhancement of pseudorabies virus (PRV)-inactivated vaccine in the early-weaned piglets. One hundred and twenty-five 28-day-old weaned piglets were randomly assigned to a control group (CON, no vaccine and no challenge), challenge control group (C-CON), inactivated PRV vaccine group (IPV), IPV + 500 mg/kg GML group (L-GML), and IPV + 1,000 mg/kg GML group (H-GML) during the entire 28-day experimental period. All the data analyses were performed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multiple comparisons. Our results showed that the final weight, average daily gain (ADG), and average daily feed intake (ADFI) of H-GML were the highest in each group, and F/G of H-GML was increased but there was no significant difference with CON (p > 0.05). Levels of PRV glycoprotein B (gB) antibody and immunoglobulin in serum of L-GML and H-GML were higher than those of IPV, but only gB antibody levels and immunoglobulin G (IgG) in H-GML were significantly increased (p < 0.05). Compared with IPV, the contents of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in serum of L-GML (TNF-α and IL-1β: p > 0.05, IL-6: p < 0.05, respectively) and H-GML (p < 0.01, both) were all decreased, and the content of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in H-GML was increased (p > 0.05). Furthermore, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) experiments proved that L-GML and H-GML were both superior to IPV in inhibiting the expression of TNF-α (p < 0.01), IL-6 (p > 0.05), and IL-1β (p < 0.01) mRNAs and promoting the expression of IL-10 mRNA (L-GML: p > 0.05, H-GML: p < 0.05, respectively) in the superficial inguinal lymph nodes. Histopathological examination found mild congestion in the lung and inguinal lymph nodes of IPV, while the tissues (brain, lung, and inguinal lymph nodes) of L-GML and H-GML were the same as CON with no obvious lesions. The above results indicate that GML may improve the growth performance of weaned piglets and enhance the immunity of PRV-inactivated vaccine by increasing the levels of PRV gB antibody and immunoglobulin and regulating cytokine levels.

show abstract

“…Indeed, enhanced growth performance during sub-clinical challenges upon Gln supplementation has been shown to concur with improved gut morphology, i.e., increased villus height and lowered crypt depth, which improves absorptive capacity [ 30 , 31 ]. Wu et al [ 14 ] further reported that Gln supplementation may ameliorate detrimental effects of Salmonella enteritidis infection on intestinal immune barrier functions and lymphoid organ weights (i.e., bursa of Fabricius, spleen and thymus).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies reported a positive impact of AA supplementation on performance, e.g. threonine (Thr) [6][7][8], arginine (Arg) [9][10][11], but also the non-essential amino acid glutamine (Gln) [12][13][14]. However, AA supplementation to an IP formulated baseline would not be expected to improve performance but result in excess AA intake.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth performance, caecal microbiome profile, short-chain fatty acids, and litter characteristics in response to placement on reused litter and combined threonine, arginine and glutamine supplementation to juvenile male broiler chickens

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Exposure of broilers to litter microbiome may increase specific amino acid (AA) requirements towards activated immune responses. This may challenge the generality of the ideal protein (IP) concept, in which dietary essential AA to lysine ratios aimed to mimic presumably constant AA to lysine ratios in whole bird requirements. Therefore, we tested the effect of threonine, arginine and glutamine (TAG) supplementation to IP-based control diets (C) on performance, caecal microbiome composition, short-chain fatty acids and litter characteristics of broiler chickens placed on reused litter. Results Thirty-two pens with ten male broiler chickens each were used in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of two diet treatments (with or without TAG supplementation) and two litter treatments (placement on clean or reused litter) for 21 days (n = 8). Caecal contents were analysed for microbiome profile using percent guanine + cytosine (%G + C profile) method and short chain fatty acids. TAG-supplemented birds underperformed compared to C birds (P = 0.002), whereas birds placed on reused litter outperformed those on clean litter (P = 0.047). Diet, reused litter and their interaction impacted the %G + C profile at different ranges. Whilst TAG supplementation reduced bacterial abundance at %G + C 51–56 (P < 0.05), reused litter placement tended to reduce %G + C 23–31 and increase %G + C 56–59 (P < 0.10). However, TAG supplementation reduced bacterial abundance at %G + C 47–51 (P < 0.05) and increased caecal branched chain fatty acids on clean litter only (P = 0.025). Greater levels of propionic acid were observed for C birds placed on reused litter only (P = 0.008). Litter pH was greater for reused litter pens than clean litter pens at day 21 (P < 0.001). In addition, litter moisture content was less for TAG birds and reused litter pens compared to C birds (P = 0.041) and clean litter pens (P < 0.001), respectively. Conclusions These data support the view that irrespective of performance benefits arising from bird placement on reused litter, TAG supplementation to IP-formulated baseline rations impaired growth, supported by the lowered abundance of caecal bacteria known to dominate in well-performing birds and greater levels of caecal branched chain fatty acids.

show abstract

Effect of glutamine on the growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, absorption function, and mRNA expression of intestinal transporters in heat-stressed chickens

Cited by 12 publications

References 31 publications

Effects of Dietary Glutamine Supplementation on Heat-Induced Oxidative Stress in Broiler Chickens: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Effects of Dietary Glutamine Supplementation on Heat-Induced Oxidative Stress in Broiler Chickens: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Glycerol Monolaurate to Ameliorate Efficacy of Inactivated Pseudorabies Vaccine

Growth performance, caecal microbiome profile, short-chain fatty acids, and litter characteristics in response to placement on reused litter and combined threonine, arginine and glutamine supplementation to juvenile male broiler chickens

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About