Effect of Glycine, Pyruvate, and Resveratrol on the Regeneration Process of Postischemic Intestinal Mucosa

Abstract

Background Intestinal ischemia is often caused by a malperfusion of the upper mesenteric artery. Since the intestinal mucosa is one of the most rapidly proliferating organs in human body, this tissue can partly regenerate itself after the onset of ischemia and reperfusion (I/R). Therefore, we investigated whether glycine, sodium pyruvate, and resveratrol can either support or potentially harm regeneration when applied therapeutically after reperfusion injury. Methods I/R of the small intestine was initiated by occluding and reopening the upper mesenteric artery in rats. After 60 min of ischemia and 300 min of reperfusion, glycine, sodium pyruvate, or resveratrol was administered intravenously. Small intestine regeneration was analyzed regarding tissue damage, activity of saccharase, and Ki-67 positive cells. Additionally, systemic parameters and metabolic ones were obtained at selected periods. Results Resveratrol failed in improving the outcome after I/R, while glycine showed a partial beneficial effect. Sodium pyruvate ameliorated metabolic acidosis, diminished histopathologic tissue injury, and increased cell proliferation in the small intestine. Conclusion While glycine could improve in part regeneration but not proliferation, sodium pyruvate seems to be a possible therapeutic agent to facilitate proliferation and to support mucosal regeneration after I/R injury to the small intestine.

Artemisinin Alleviates Intestinal Inflammation and Metabolic Disturbance in Ulcerative Colitis Rats Induced by DSS

“…Amino acids play an important role in maintaining intestinal health by acting as substrates for protein synthesis in intestinal mucosal cells and modulators of metabolic pathways [ 33 ]. Amino acid metabolism mainly affects the material metabolism, energy supply, and intestinal mucosal barrier of UC [ 34 – 36 ] and is also closely related to the process of cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis [ 37 ]. Currently, amino acid supplementation has been explored as a treatment for UC [ 38 , 39 ].…”

Sustaining viability in a pre-gangrenous bowel with midgut volvulus

“…[5][6][7][8] In some centers, glycine and sodium pyruvate have shown promising results in gut restoration to its optimal condition. 9 Also, per-operative assessment through histopathological review and pulse oximetry is a prognostic indicator. 10…”