“…PNIPAM brushes can be synthesized using atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), which allows for precise control over the molecular weight, grafting density, and thickness of these brushes . In this way, PNIPAM brushes have been grown onto various substrates including cellulose, , clay, graphene, , mesoporous silica, gold, titanium, or even proteins , and nanomotors, thereby allowing for temperature-induced control over the polarity of the coated substrates. Recently, PNIPAM brushes have also been deposited onto nano- and microfibers including lignin and poly(ethylene terephthalate) fibers − for possible applications such as separation and purification devices .…”