Effect of grape and other berries on cardiovascular health

Wightman, JoLynne D.; Heuberger, Roschelle

doi:10.1002/jsfa.6890

Cited by 61 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 111 publications

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“…Endothelial and nitric oxide pathways are implicated in the beneficial effects on cardiovascular outcomes induced by CGJ and other polyphenol-rich foods and drinks (11,12). The allostatic load model describes how chronic stress, cardiovascular disease, and associated risk factors can lead to a cascade of physiological and psychological consequences, such as cognitive impairment (13)(14)(15).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concord grape juice, cognitive function, and driving performance: a 12-wk, placebo-controlled, randomized crossover trial in mothers of preteen children

Lamport¹,

Lawton²,

Merat

et al. 2016

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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Background: Daily consumption of Concord grape juice (CGJ) over 3-4 mo has been shown to improve memory function in adults with mild cognitive impairment and reduce blood pressure in hypertensive adults. These benefits likely result from the high concentration of polyphenols in CGJ. Increased stress can impair cognitive function and elevate blood pressure. Thus, we examined the potential beneficial effect of CGJ in individuals with somewhat stressful and demanding lifestyles. Objective: We sought to examine the effects of the daily consumption of CGJ for 12 wk on cognitive function, driving performance, and blood pressure in healthy, middle-aged working mothers. Design: Twenty-five healthy mothers (aged 40-50 y) of preteen children who were employed for $30 h/wk consumed 12 ounces (355 mL) of either CGJ (containing 777 mg total polyphenols) or an energy-, taste-, and appearance-matched placebo daily for 12 wk according to a randomized crossover design with a 4-wk washout. Verbal and spatial memory, executive function, attention, blood pressure, and mood were assessed at baseline and at 6 and 12 wk. Immediately after the cognitive battery, a subsample of 17 women completed a driving performance assessment at the University of Leeds Driving Simulator. The 25-min driving task required participants to match the speed and direction of a lead vehicle. Results: Significant improvements in immediate spatial memory and driving performance were observed after CGJ relative to placebo. There was evidence of an enduring effect of CGJ such that participants who received CGJ in arm 1 maintained better performance in the placebo arm. Conclusions: Cognitive benefits associated with the long-term consumption of flavonoid-rich grape juice are not exclusive to adults with mild cognitive impairment. Moreover, these cognitive benefits are apparent in complex everyday tasks such as driving. Effects may persist beyond the cessation of flavonoid consumption, and future studies should carefully consider the length of washout within crossover designs. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01411631.Am J Clin Nutr 2016;103:775-83.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concord grape juice, cognitive function, and driving performance: a 12-wk, placebo-controlled, randomized crossover trial in mothers of preteen children

Lamport¹,

Lawton²,

Merat

et al. 2016

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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“…This partially reflects modern-day dietary habits with respect to availability and personal preferences, as well as epidemiologic evidence, which rarely distinguishes between the quality or type of fruits and vegetables consumed. Nevertheless, polyphenol-rich fruits have been studied extensively as the most powerful antioxidants for health in the human diet (34); berries and grapes often are set apart from other fruits for this specific attribute (35). Berries in and of themselves, with their high polyphenol and antioxidant content, can be considered to be a naturally occurring functional health food (36).…”

Section: Nutrient Profiles Of Fruit and Yogurtmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several attributes of fruit are credited with heart-protective properties, including nutrient and phytochemical content (e.g., fiber, potassium, and folate), low dietary glycemic load, and energy density (89). Fruits with a high polyphenol content (e.g., berries and grapes) have further heart-protective attributes via mechanisms that have the potential to decrease blood pressure, platelet activation, inflammation, oxidative stress, and LDL oxidation while increasing endothelial function and the HDL-to-LDL ratio (35). Given that dairy products appear to have a beneficial effect on CVD (92), yogurt has the potential to have similar effects.…”

Section: Epidemiologic Studies: Fruit Yogurt and Cardiometabolic Hementioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Health Benefits of Combining Yogurt and Fruits Based on Their Probiotic and Prebiotic Properties

Fernandez

Marette

2017

Advances in Nutrition

133

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Fruit and yogurt have been identified individually as indicators of healthy dietary patterns. Fruits are relatively low in energy density and are an excellent source of antioxidants and prebiotic fibers and polyphenols, which can promote digestive health. Yogurt, on the other hand, is a nutrient-dense food that is a good source of dairy protein, calcium, magnesium, vitamin B-12, conjugated linoleic acid, and other key fatty acids. In addition, it contains beneficial bacterial cultures, making it a potential source of probiotics. Yogurt's unique fermented food matrix provides added health benefits by enhancing nutrient absorption and digestion. Combining the intake of yogurt and fruit could provide probiotics, prebiotics, high-quality protein, important fatty acids, and a mixture of vitamins and minerals that have the potential to exert synergistic effects on health. Yogurt consumption has been associated with reduced weight gain and a lower incidence of type 2 diabetes, whereas fruits have established effects on reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Yogurt and fruits can be eaten together and may exert combined health benefits through potential prebiotic and probiotic effects. Furthermore, substituting high-energy, nutrient-deficient snacks with fruit and yogurt could reduce the intake of high-calorie obesogenic foods. In light of the positive cardiometabolic impacts of fruit and yogurt and their association with healthy dietary patterns, there is sufficient evidence to warrant further exploration into the potential synergistic health benefits of a combined intake of fruit and yogurt. Adv Nutr 2017;8(Suppl):155S-64S.

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“…A review of epidemiological studies leads to the conclusion that in addition to the recognized antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of grape polyphenols, emerging data suggest protection against atherosclerosis through modulation of cellular lipid metabolism (Zanotti et al 2015). Grape polyphenols have been shown to have other mechanisms by which grapes protect against atherosclerosis including decreases in platelet aggregation and in LDL oxidation (Wightman and Heuberger 2014). Endothelial dysfunction is considered an early feature in the progression of atherosclerosis (Hansson 2005), and flow-mediated vasodilation has been used to measure this function.…”

Section: Epidemiological Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%