Effect of graphene oxide ratio on the cell adhesion and growth behavior on a graphene oxide-coated silicon substrate

Abstract

Control of living cells on biocompatible materials or on modified substrates is important for the development of bio-applications, including biosensors and implant biomaterials. The topography and hydrophobicity of substrates highly affect cell adhesion, growth, and cell growth kinetics, which is of great importance in bio-applications. Herein, we investigate the adhesion, growth, and morphology of cultured breast cancer cells on a silicon substrate, on which graphene oxides (GO) was partially formed. By minimizing the size and amount of the GO-containing solution and the further annealing process, GO-coated Si samples were prepared which partially covered the Si substrates. The coverage of GO on Si samples decreases upon annealing. The behaviors of cells cultured on two samples have been observed, i.e. partially GO-coated Si (P-GO) and annealed partially GO-coated Si (Annealed p-GO), with a different coverage of GO. Indeed, the spreading area covered by the cells and the number of cells for a given culture period in the incubator were highly dependent on the hydrophobicity and the presence of oxygenated groups on GO and Si substrates, suggesting hydrophobicity-driven cell growth. Thus, the presented method can be used to control the cell growth via an appropriate surface modification.

Interactions of graphene oxide and graphene nanoplatelets with the in vitro Caco-2/HT29 model of intestinal barrier

“…Another important parameter to consider when determining uptake parameters is adhesion. Different studies have pointed out that the adhesive force among biological membranes and graphene decreases at higher oxidation states 36,37 . Furthermore, hydrophobic materials are more likely to adhere to the lipid bilayers of cell membranes 38,39 .…”

<p>Functionalized Graphene Nanoparticles Induce Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Express Distinct Extracellular Matrix Proteins Mediating Osteogenesis</p>

“…26,27 Therefore, despite the concerns due to toxicity, graphenebased nanomaterials and scaffolds have been used successfully in animal and in vitro models of bone defects and assays. [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] Even though the results of the in vitro assays and animal models described above are encouraging and strengthen the use of graphene derivatives in biomedicine, the biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of graphene nanoparticles is altered by parameters, such as surface functionalization, shape, size, dose, cell type, and the experimental design. As a result, more research is warranted before the nanoparticles can be used effectively in a human clinical setting.…”

Functionalized vertical GaN micro pillar arrays with high signal-to-background ratio for detection and analysis of proteins secreted from breast tumor cells

“…2(a,b) . Our previous study suggested that this treatment plays an important role in streptavidin (STR, Sigma-Aldrich, USA) immobilization on topographical substrates because the hydroxyl groups provide the nanostructured arrays with enhanced conjugation with 3-APTES (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) 33 , 44 . After rinsing with an ethanol solution for 10 min, the GaN MPs were placed on a hot plate at 120 °C for 10 min and reacted with 12.5% (v/v) GA (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) in distilled water on the 3D-rocker for 4 h, leading to the immobilization of the aldehyde group on the APTES-coated GaN MPs (Fig.…”