Effect of graphite as a co-dopant on the dehydrogenation and hydrogenation kinetics of Ti-doped sodium aluminum hydride

Novel catalytic effects of fullerene for LiBH4hydrogen uptake and release

“…In a previous study we showed that co-dopants of graphite and Ti-metal resulted in further enhancement of dehydrogenation and hydrogenation kinetics of sodium aluminum hydride 1 . Our recent experimental data has shown that graphitic nanomaterials are efficient catalysts, enhancing the dehydrogenation and hydrogenation of NaAlH 4 even without the use of Ti catalyst 2,3 .…”

Preparation of a new Ti catalyst for improved performance of NaAlH4

“…A wet/dry sonochemical doping technique with TiCl 3 was also developed [25] that resulted in a dehydrogenation and hydrogenation performance similar to that reported for Ti nanoclusters [13], graphite, Al and TiCl 3 [20], CeCl 3 [18], and ScCl 3 [19]. However, for many reasons, including cost, availability, manufacturing, and ease of use, the dry and wet/dry doping techniques with HEBM have emerged as the most preferred methods for doping NaAlH 4 , and TiCl 3 has emerged as the most preferred precursor [3].…”

“…Hydrogen capacity loss has been attributed to Al blockage by Na 3 AlH 6 and Al segregation, with both restricting the conversion of the Al back to NaAlH 4 [26]. It has also been reported that the addition of a small amount of excess Al prevents or minimizes hydrogen capacity loss [20,26]. Because the ex situ catalysts contained residual Al [11] that was not converted to the TiAl 3 alloy during cycling (as discussed above), these results indicated that the ex situ catalysts might be better at providing excess Al that effectively prevents hydrogen capacity loss compared to the traditional TiCl 3 in situ catalyst.…”

“…CeCl 3 , based on a similar dry doping procedure with HEBM [18], and ScCl 3 , based on a wet/dry doping procedure with HEBM [19], were both reported to be far superior to TiCl 3 . The addition of graphite and Al powder with the TiCl 3 also resulted in a similarly good performance when using a wet/dry doping technique with HEBM, in spite of the excess weight of the additional dopants [20].…”

Towards a structure-performance relationship for hydrogen storage in Ti-doped NaAlH4nanoparticles

“…2 Most effective in improving the performance of metal hydrides are reducing the particle size to the nm range (typically below 30 nm) 3-13 or adding one or more promoters/catalysts to bulk materials. [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] …”