Effect of graphite felt properties on the long-term durability of negative electrode in vanadium redox flow battery

Mazúr, Petr; Mrlík, Jindřich; Pocedič, Jaromír; Vrána, Jiří; Dundálek, Jan; Košek, Juraj; Bystroň, Tomáš

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.01.019

Cited by 44 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Within the experiment, we observed gradual increase of R CT with time, most probably related mainly to the gradual decrease of electrolyte available capacity due to AQDS degradation. Increase of R CT can be also caused by the deactivation of graphite felt electrodes due to change in surface functionalization of the fibers, which has been reported for vanadium RFB [ 23 , 24 , 25 ], and/or adsorption of active compounds on the electrode surface. These phenomena could be distinguished via subsequent cell characterization in fresh electrolyte, but this experiment was not performed due to the limited amount of the electrolyte available for the experiments.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…RFB lab-cell (Pinflow Energy Storage, s.r.o.). The cell consisted of copper current collectors, PPG86 composite plates (Eisenhuth), PVC-based distribution frames, polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt electrodes (thermally activated according the procedure described in [ 25 ]). The felts were mutually separated by cation-exchange membrane F930-RFD (30 µm thick, Fumatech) with an active geometric area of 4 cm 2 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Electrochemical Stability of Sulfonated Anthraquinone-Based Acidic Electrolyte for Redox Flow Battery Application

Mazúr

Mrlík

et al. 2021

Molecules

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Despite intense research in the field of aqueous organic redox flow batteries, low molecular stability of electroactive compounds limits further commercialization. Additionally, currently used methods typically cannot differentiate between individual capacity fade mechanisms, such as degradation of electroactive compound and its cross-over through the membrane. We present a more complex method for in situ evaluation of (electro)chemical stability of electrolytes using a flow electrolyser and a double half-cell including permeation measurements of electrolyte cross-over through a membrane by a UV–VIS spectrometer. The method is employed to study (electro)chemical stability of acidic negolyte based on an anthraquinone sulfonation mixture containing mainly 2,6- and 2,7-anthraquinone disulfonic acid isomers, which can be directly used as an RFB negolyte. The effect of electrolyte state of charge (SoC), current load and operating temperature on electrolyte stability is tested. The results show enhanced capacity decay for fully charged electrolyte (0.9 and 2.45% per day at 20 °C and 40 °C, respectively) while very good stability is observed at 50% SoC and lower, even at 40 °C and under current load (0.02% per day). HPLC analysis conformed deep degradation of AQ derivatives connected with the loss of aromaticity. The developed method can be adopted for stability evaluation of electrolytes of various organic and inorganic RFB chemistries.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Electrochemical Stability of Sulfonated Anthraquinone-Based Acidic Electrolyte for Redox Flow Battery Application

Mazúr

Mrlík

et al. 2021

Molecules

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“…of the material, which is bound to increase the diffusion resistance of lithium ion. As a result, the rate performance of layered graphite negative electrode is poor, which limits its application in high power battery (Kumagai et al, 2015;Libich et al, 2017;Dagger et al, 2018;Mazur et al, 2019). Therefore, improving the capacity and rate performance of carbon anode materials is an important issue to be solved urgently at present.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyacrylonitrile Hard Carbon as Anode of High Rate Capability for Lithium Ion Batteries

Rao

Lou

et al. 2020

Front. Energy Res.

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In order to develop new type of carbon anode material with high performance, a novel organic carbon material polyacrylonitrile (PAN) hard carbon was prepared by calcination of polypropylene cyanide at 1,050 • C. The obtained PAN hard carbon is used as the negative electrode material of lithium ion battery, showing an initial capacity of 343.5 mAh g −1 which is equal to that of graphite electrode (348.6 mAh g −1 ), and a higher initial coulomb efficiency of 87.9% than that of graphite electrode (84.4%). Moreover, the PAN hard carbon electrode shows superior cycle stability and rate performance at different current rates. The charge capacities are 320.1, 219.0, 212.9, and 123.5 mAh g −1 at current rates of 0.2, 1, 2, and 3 C, with coulombic efficiencies of 98.1, 100.6, 88.1, and 110.0%, respectively, which are higher than those of graphite electrode (83.8, 97.6, 98.8, and 94.1%). In addition, the charging capacity of PAN hard carbon electrode can still remain at 284.3 mAh g −1 (0.2 C after 200 cycles), 226.4 mAh g −1 (1 C after 300 cycles), 149.5 mAh g −1 (2 C after 400 cycles), and 120.0 mAh g −1 (3 C after 100 cycles), with capacity retention rates of 78.2, 111.9, 79.7, and 88.6%, respectively. The capacity and capacity retention rate after cycling are significantly higher than those of graphite electrode, indicating that the PAN hard carbon electrode shows superior rate performance, which would provide a new idea for the development of novel negative electrode material with high performance.

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“…This leads to an increase of the measured resistances up to several TΩ during EIS investigations, which were out of the measuring range of the used potentiostat. The NE measurements were therefore carried out with rayon based carbon fibers, which show less degradation in this electrolyte [56] even though the results are not completely stable. As shown in Figure 5, fast aging can be observed in the first couple of hours, thereafter the aging process slows down, although a gradual increase of the kinetic resistance is still visible.…”

Section: Investigation Of Possible Sources Of Error In the Determinatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Rate Constants and Reaction Orders of Vanadium‐Ion Kinetics on Carbon Fiber Electrodes.

2020

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In the present work, the kinetic behavior of vanadiumion reactions on novel single carbon-fiber electrodes is investigated. The theory of reaction orders and charge-transfer coefficients is reviewed and typical sources of error due to incorrectly determined electrochemically active surface area, inhomogeneous current density distributions, mass transfer resistances, and aging are highlighted. The measured rate constants are in a range of 2.5 • 10 À 7-1.1 • 10 À 5 s À 1 for the positive and 7.0 • 10 À 8-2.6 • 10 À 6 s À 1 for the negative electrolyte. Despite these different activities of individual fibers, the reaction orders of V 2 + , V 3 + , VO 2 + and VO 2 + species are precisely determined as a function of the concentration and the state of charge. Moreover, charge-transfer coefficients are calculated with two different approaches based on Tafel slopes and through adjustment of the Butler-Volmer equation.

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Effect of graphite felt properties on the long-term durability of negative electrode in vanadium redox flow battery

Cited by 44 publications

References 33 publications

Evaluation of Electrochemical Stability of Sulfonated Anthraquinone-Based Acidic Electrolyte for Redox Flow Battery Application

Evaluation of Electrochemical Stability of Sulfonated Anthraquinone-Based Acidic Electrolyte for Redox Flow Battery Application

Polyacrylonitrile Hard Carbon as Anode of High Rate Capability for Lithium Ion Batteries

Determination of Rate Constants and Reaction Orders of Vanadium‐Ion Kinetics on Carbon Fiber Electrodes.

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