Effect of green tea and oregano extracts fed to preweaned Jersey calves on behavior and health status

Heisler, Guilherme; Fischer, Vívian; Paris, Micheli de; Angelo, I. D. V.; Panazzolo, Dejani Maira; Zanela, Maira Balbinotti

doi:10.1016/j.jveb.2020.03.002

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Rectal temperature was in the physiological range (38.1-39.2°C; Kargar et al, 2018a,b;Heisler et al, 2020), indicating a reasonable calf ability to cope with the potential thermal stress in the present study, especially in FSP-supplemented calves that recorded lower rectal temperature. It has been shown that feeding oregano extract to Holstein heifers (at 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 g/d; Kolling et al, 2016) or preweaning Jersey calves (at 60 mg/kg of BW per day; Heisler et al, 2020) did not affect rectal temperature under thermoneutral conditions; however, to the best of our knowledge, similar data are not available for comparison with our findings. Nowroozinia et al (2022) reported lower susceptibility to having elevated rectal temperature and fewer days with elevated rectal temperature when milk-fed calves received FSP at 1.5 or 3 g/d.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Potential benefits of early-life supplementation of liquid feed with fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) seeds or oregano (Origanum vulgare) leaves on growth, health, and blood metabolites in Holstein dairy calves

Ansari

Kargar

Eslami³

et al. 2022

Journal of Dairy Science

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dence interval = 1.03-2.05), and diarrhea (odds ratio = 1.47 and confidence interval = 1.11-1.97 and odds ratio = 1.49 and confidence interval = 1.07-2.08) compared with those receiving FSP or OLP; with the chance of BRD being lower in FSP-(but not OLP-) supplemented versus CON animals (odds ratio = 1.59 and confidence interval = 1.13-2.23). As compared with OLP and CON groups, FSP treatment resulted in shorter days with elevated rectal temperature and general appearance. Supplementing FSP or OLP decreased the duration of diarrhea and BRD but not their frequency compared with CON. Duration of diarrhea was not different between FSP-or OLP-supplemented calves but calves supplemented with FSP had shorter days with BRD compared with OLP-supplemented calves. Of the blood constituents measured on d 30, concentration of aspartate transferase was higher in FSP-(but not CON) versus OLP-supplemented calves, indicating a transient liver tissue damage or dysfunction which was subsequently ameliorated. At weaning, blood concentration of triglycerides was higher in FSP and OLP groups compared with CON group. Supplementation of the liquid feed with FSP or OLP, especially FSP, had beneficial effects on calf growth performance and health. Further experiments are warranted for optimizing the dosage and duration of feeding FSP or OLP as feed additives for dairy calves.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Potential benefits of early-life supplementation of liquid feed with fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) seeds or oregano (Origanum vulgare) leaves on growth, health, and blood metabolites in Holstein dairy calves

Ansari

Kargar

Eslami³

et al. 2022

Journal of Dairy Science

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“…Previous work showed that EO supplemented calves had more beneficial microorganisms in the intestinal microbiota 18 , and that some EO have a possible neuronal activity, altering animal behavior 43 . Pre-weaned Jersey calves treated with green tea extract or oregano extract anticipate the onset of rumination in one week compared to the control group 44 . Additionally, studies on other species have shown that EO supplementation increased gastrointestinal symbiotic bacteria, known as butyrate producers 45 , 46 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential benefits of a blend of essential oils on metabolism, digestibility, organ development and gene expression of dairy calves

Campolina

Coelho²,

Belli³

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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The objective of this study was to evaluate blood cells and metabolites, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), digestibility, internal organs weight and histology, gene expression, and spleen cell proliferation of pre-weaned bull calves supplemented with a blend of essential oils in milk replacer (MR). Sixteen newborn Holstein × Gyr crossbred dairy bull calves, with body weight at birth of 33.3 ± 3.7 kg, were housed in individual sand bedded pens, blocked by genetic composition, and randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments in a randomized complete block design: Control (CON, n = 8) and blend of essential oils supplementation (BEO, n = 8, 1 g/day/calf, Apex Calf, Adisseo, China). The commercial blend was composed by plant extracts derived from anise, cinnamon, garlic, rosemary, and thyme. Animals were fed 5 L of MR/day reconstituted at 15% (dry matter basis), divided into two equal meals. Water and starter were provided ad libitum. ß-hydroxybutyrate, urea, and glucose were evaluated weekly, IGF-1 was evaluated biweekly, and total blood cell count was performed every four weeks until the end of the trial at eight weeks of age. Feed samples were collected three times a week and polled for weekly analysis. Apparent total nutrient digestibility was determined from d 56 to 60 of age. On d 60 ± 1, animals were euthanized for organ weight, histology, spleen cell proliferation, and intestinal gene expression analysis. Data were analyzed independently using linear mixed models using the REML method in the nlme package in R for continuous outcomes. A non-parametric test was used for ordered categorical outcomes using the Artools package in R. There were no differences between groups for blood evaluations, digestibility, gene expression, and a spleen cell proliferation assay. However, BEO calves presented a heavier pancreas, heavier intestines, bigger ileum villi, and higher cecum butyrate levels (P < 0.05), demonstrating that the EO supplementation helped intestinal development and symbiotic bacteria. It was also observed in CON animals’ heavier respiratory tract and a higher eosinophil count (P < 0.05). Therefore, the organs where eosinophils are more active had a better response for BEO animals. No differences were found in the intestinal gene expression in the immune context. These results demonstrate that supplementing essential oils in MR could contribute to gut development and immune function. However, more research is needed to understand its impact on body development and define the best dosage and route of administration.

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“…Respiratory rate was determined by counting flank movements over a 3-min period. Rectal temperature was measured between 1400 and 1500 h with a standard digital thermometer (RT; PIC Vedodigit II, digital thermometer; Pic Solution Co., Como, Italy; with a measurement accuracy of 0.1 1C) inserted into the rectum for 20 s. Heart rate and RR were measured for one minute with a stethoscope 20 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trace minerals source in calf starters interacts with birth weights to affect growth performance

Mousavi-Haghshenas

Hashemzadeh

Ghorbani

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of partial replacement of inorganic minerals (IM) with trace minerals in advance chelate components form in starter diets for calves of different birth weights on performance, health, and behavior of Holstein calves. Fifty-two calves were assigned to 1 of 4 treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with two mineral sources (IM or advanced chelated minerals (ACMS)) and two birth weights (low or normal birth weight; LBW or NBW). Calves were weaned on d 56 and remained until d 71 of the study. Results showed that NBW calves had higher feed intake, withers and hip height, larger heart girth and lower fecal score than LBW calves throughout the study. Calves receiving ACMS tended to have higher feed intake, larger hip width, lower eye and nose scores, and lower rectal temperature throughout the study than IM calves. In addition, ACMS calves had larger abdominal girths at d 56 of the study compared to IM calves. Interactions between birth weights and mineral sources for preweaning average daily gain (ADG) and weaning and final BW showed that ACMS supplementation improved ADG and BW in LBW calves. Non-nutritive oral behavior was lower in ACMS calves compared to IM calves during all periods. Overall, ACMS feeding decreased non-nutritive oral behavior and improved calf health status during the study. In addition, feeding ACMS to dairy calves with LBW increased their ADG to a similar extent as to NBW calves, suggesting an improvement in their efficiency.

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Effect of green tea and oregano extracts fed to preweaned Jersey calves on behavior and health status

Cited by 10 publications

References 24 publications

Potential benefits of early-life supplementation of liquid feed with fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) seeds or oregano (Origanum vulgare) leaves on growth, health, and blood metabolites in Holstein dairy calves

Potential benefits of early-life supplementation of liquid feed with fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) seeds or oregano (Origanum vulgare) leaves on growth, health, and blood metabolites in Holstein dairy calves

Potential benefits of a blend of essential oils on metabolism, digestibility, organ development and gene expression of dairy calves

Trace minerals source in calf starters interacts with birth weights to affect growth performance

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