Effect of grinding media on zinc depression in a lead cleaner circuit

Kinal, J; Greet, Christopher; Goode, I.

doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2009.01.010

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Flotation is in fact the most common process in metallic mineral separation and is the main way for recovering valuable metals as lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) (Barbaro, 2000). For Lead-zinc sulphide ore, the most widely used method is that of two stage selective flotation, where the zinc and iron minerals are depressed, allowing the galena to float, followed by the activation of the zinc minerals in the lead tailings to allow a zinc float (Wills and Napier-Munn, 2005; Kinal et al, 2009). Wastewater from flotation process for concentrating lead-zinc sulphide ore often containing organic compounds such as DDTC, xanthate, 2# oil and Z-200, are environmentally hazardous.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycle of Wastewater from Lead-Zinc Sulfide Ore Flo-tation Process by Ozone/BAC Technology

Liu¹

2013

JEP

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Lead-zinc sulphide ore contains lead sulphide (galena), and zinc sulphide (sphalerite). In the first flotation stage, galena is rendered hydrophobic with an organic collector such as xanthate, while sphalerite is kept from floating by depressants, and in the second flotation stage, activator was used to activated zinc flotation. Since the organic regent used are different in the two flotation stage, wastewater from the second zinc flotation stage can’t be directly recycled to the first lead flotation stage. Wastewater from flotation process for concentrating lead-zinc sulphide ore often containing organic compounds such as diethyldithiocarbamate(DDTC), xanthate, terpenic oil(2# oil) and thionocarbamate esters (Z-200), are environmentally hazardous. Their removal from contaminated water and the reuse of the water is one of the main challenges facing lead-zinc sulphide ore processing plants. In this study, synthetic wastewater containing DDTC, xanthate, 2# oil and Z-200 at concentrations ranging from 21 to 42 mg/L was fed into an Ozone/Biological activated carbon (BAC) reactor. Analyses of the effluent indicated a chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal over 86.21% and Total organic carbon (TOC) removal over 90.00% were achieved under Hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 4h and O3 feeding concentration of 33.3mg/L. The effluent was further recycled to the lab scale lead concentrating process and no significant difference was found in compare with fresh water. Furthermore, lead-zinc sulphide mineral concentrating process was carried out at lab scale. The produced wastewater was treated by Ozone/BAC reactor at O3 feeding concentration of 16.7mg/L and HRT of 4h. The effluent analysis showed that TOC removal was 74.58%. This effluent was recycled to the lab scale lead-zinc sulphide mineral concentrating process and the recovery of lead was not affected. The results showed that by using Ozone/BAC technology, the lead-zinc sulphide mineral processing wastewater could be recycled

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recycle of Wastewater from Lead-Zinc Sulfide Ore Flo-tation Process by Ozone/BAC Technology

Liu¹

2013

JEP

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“…pH, Eh and dissolved oxygen) , Yuan et al 1996a, Yuan et al 1996b, Peng et al 2003a, Peng et al 2003b, Greet et al 2004, Grano 2009, Kinal et al 2009, Bruckard et al 2011. However, most of the previous studies focused on primary grinding and rougher flotation, and the effect of various regrinding conditions on the subsequent cleaner flotation has not received much focus in the literature.…”

Section: Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kinal et al (2009) investigated the effect of grinding media on lead-zinc flotation in a lead cleaner circuit. Interestingly, iron hydroxide surface coatings from forged steel grinding media were effective depressants for sphalerite, and the use of high chrome media was potentially detrimental to lead cleaner flotation due to the difficulty in depressing sphalerite.…”

Section: Effect Of Grinding Media On Separation Of Different Sulphidementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is therefore anticipated that different regrinding conditions have a more significant effect on the subsequent mineral flotation. Another difference is the high sulphide content of the regrinding feed compared to the primary grinding feed because a majority of non-sulphide gangue minerals have been rejected in the rougher flotation (Johnson 2006, Kinal et al 2009). This makes galvanic interactions between sulphide minerals and grinding media much stronger during regrinding than during primary grinding.…”

Section: Research Gaps and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As indicated in the literature reviewed in Chapter 2, earlier researchers observed that the grinding chemistry during primary grinding, such as different types of grinding media, had a significant effect on the mineral flotation , Peng et al 2003a, Peng et al 2003b, Greet et al 2004, Grano 2009, Kinal et al 2009, Bruckard et al 2011, and can also affect the pyrite activation by copper ions (Peng andGrano 2010a, Peng et al 2012). However, most of past studies focused on primary grinding and rougher flotation which deal with coarse and intermediate particles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of regrinding chemistry and particle breakage mechanisms on subsequent cleaner flotation

Chen¹

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Regrinding rougher flotation concentrates is typically used to liberate valuable minerals from gangue prior to the cleaner separation stage in processing of low grade ores. Compared to the rougher flotation after primary grinding, it is usually more challenging to achieve a satisfactory performance in post-regrind cleaner flotation especially when fine particles are generated. One main factor which results in this reduction in flotation is the unsuitable particle surfaces produced after regrinding. However, this factor is not usually considered when designing and optimizing the regrinding process.Extensive studies have demonstrated that grinding chemistry can influence mineral floatability.However, earlier studies focused on primary grinding and rougher flotation rather than regrinding and cleaner flotation. In addition, different types of regrind mills are used in industry, and these provide different particle breakage mechanisms which may also influence mineral floatability.Therefore, the overall objective of this thesis study is to investigate the effects of regrinding chemistry and particle breakage mechanisms on the cleaner flotation. The implementation of regrinding in the copper and pyrite flotation circuits at Telfer gold mine was taken as a case study and four research areas were addressed with the objective of developing fundamental understanding to provide practical guidance for the plant operation. The four areas investigated are:1. Effect of regrinding chemistry on copper activation of pyrite and its flotation; 2. Separation of different copper sulphide minerals from pyrite after regrinding; 3. Importance of pulp chemistry during regrinding rougher concentrates; 4. Effect of particle breakage mechanisms on subsequent flotation.In this study, it was found that copper activation of pyrite and its flotation in the cleaner stage were affected by regrinding. In general, a decrease in surface concentration of collectors due to the increased surface area after regrinding contributed to the low pyrite recovery in the cleaner. Surface analysis revealed that both the surfaces that were carried from the rougher flotation concentrate and those which were freshly created were modified by the strong electrochemical reactions occurring inside the regrind mill. Stainless steel media promoted pyrite oxidation, especially on the copper activated surfaces. Mild steel media produced a greater amount of iron oxidation species which could adsorb on the carried surfaces. It was also found that mild steel media generated a reducing condition which favoured the copper activation on the freshly created surfaces.ii The research has also shown that the separability of chalcopyrite and chalcocite from pyrite was significantly different after regrinding, which was related to their electrochemical properties.Chalcocite was more active and therefore presented a stronger galvanic interaction with pyrite.Consequently chalcocite was more oxidised, which not only depressed its flotation but also produced sufficient copper ions...

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A ToF‐SIMS investigation on correlation between grinding environments and sphalerite surface chemistry: implications for mineral selectivity in flotation

Xia

Hart

Chen

et al. 2017

Surface & Interface Analysis

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Changes in mineral surface properties during grinding play a key role in flotation performance. Time of flight secondary mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) surface chemical analytical studies have shown that flotation separation of sphalerite from chalcopyrite is significantly affected by the oxidation of metal species on the surface of sphalerite. The intensity of iron oxyhydroxyl species on the surface of sphalerite has a positive correlation with poor recovery of sphalerite. Given the link between the presence of oxide species on the surface of sphalerite and a lower recovery during copper flotation, a laboratory study was initiated to evaluate the potential for sphalerite surface oxidation control and improving recovery through grinding. For the investigation, a ball mill that allowed for monitoring pulp chemistry during grinding was utilized to study the impact of grinding conditions on selective flotation of sphalerite. ToF-SIMS was used to identify and measure the variability in sphalerite surface species as a result of the different test parameters. Variable mill parameters include two types of grinding media, aeration conditions, addition of FeSO 4 , and altering the pyrite content in the feed ore. ToF-SIMS analyses of mill discharge samples identified higher intensities of iron oxyhydroxyl species on sphalerite surface subsequent to grinding with mild steel balls, in condition of aeration, use of FeSO 4 , and by increasing the pyrite content of the feed ore. The higher adsorption of iron oxyhydroxyl species on the surface of sphalerite should be consistent with the lower recovery. To verify this, bench-scale flotation tests in the presence and absence of FeSO 4 were performed; results correlated iron oxyhydroxyl species with the poor sphalerite recovery.

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Effect of grinding media on zinc depression in a lead cleaner circuit

Cited by 11 publications

References 17 publications

Recycle of Wastewater from Lead-Zinc Sulfide Ore Flo-tation Process by Ozone/BAC Technology

Recycle of Wastewater from Lead-Zinc Sulfide Ore Flo-tation Process by Ozone/BAC Technology

The effect of regrinding chemistry and particle breakage mechanisms on subsequent cleaner flotation

A ToF‐SIMS investigation on correlation between grinding environments and sphalerite surface chemistry: implications for mineral selectivity in flotation

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